Marianne Martinez
There are several factors to consider when deciding whether to install a shower pan or tile on a shower floor. While some people prefer the look of tile and the option of a curbless shower, others prefer the low-maintenance and durability of a shower pan. Tile shower floors can be challenging to maintain due to grout issues, which can lead to water penetration and mould problems. On the other hand, shower pans are typically made of stone, acrylic, PVC, or fibreglass, and are easier to install as they come in standard sizes and require less labour. However, it is possible to tile over an existing shower pan or tile, provided proper waterproofing measures are taken, such as using a waterproofing membrane and ensuring adequate curing time. Ultimately, the decision between a shower pan and tile depends on personal preferences, budget, and the specific requirements of the shower space.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Tile shower floor | Requires proper waterproofing, grouting, and cleaning |
| Shower pan | Low-maintenance, sleek finish, minimises mould risk, can be customised |
| Tile over shower pan | Requires a waterproofing membrane, such as Schluter-Kerdi, and proper curing time |
| Tile over tile | Technically approved by TCNA but only for one layer, may require a membrane or skim with thinset/concrete |
| Grout | Prone to mould and difficult to clean |
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What You'll Learn
Pros and cons of shower pans and tiles
Shower pans are an alternative to tiled shower floors and are designed to be waterproof, preventing water from leaking into the subfloor and causing damage. They are relatively easy to install, especially compared to traditional tile shower floors, and are typically made of durable materials such as fibreglass, acrylic, or solid surface, which are easy to clean and maintain. They are resistant to stains, mould, and mildew, requiring minimal upkeep. Shower pans are also more cost-effective than traditional tile shower floors as they require less labour and materials for installation.
However, one of the downsides of shower pans is the limited design options available. They often come in a standard shape and size, which may not suit every bathroom aesthetic or personal preference. Another potential issue is the potential for slipperiness, depending on the material and texture of the shower pan. This can be a concern for individuals with mobility issues or for households with young children or older adults.
On the other hand, shower tiles offer durability, design variety, and water resistance, enhancing aesthetics and home value. They are also inherently resistant to water and moisture, which is essential in high-humidity environments like bathrooms. Properly installed and sealed tiles offer an impermeable barrier, protecting walls and subfloors from water damage. Tiles are also resistant to stains, odours, and chemicals, making them an ideal choice for those seeking a low-maintenance bathroom solution.
However, one of the main drawbacks of shower tiles is the higher initial cost, especially if opting for high-end materials like natural stone. The installation process is also more complex and time-consuming than some other shower surfaces, requiring precise measurements, cuts, and laying techniques. Additionally, tiles may require more maintenance, especially for grout, which can harbour mould if not properly cared for.
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Tiling over a shower pan
Firstly, it is important to ensure that neither the tile nor the drain is leaking. Next, isolate the old tile with a waterproofing membrane. Tom Meehan, owner of Cape Cod Tileworks, recommends using a Schluter-Kerdi membrane set in a thin bed of latex-modified thinset. To ensure a good bond between the old tile and the thinset, score the old tile and drain assembly with an angle grinder.
After this, cover the entire pan with latex-modified thinset, ensuring that the membrane overlaps the existing drain flange. Once the thinset is applied, install the Schluter-Kerdi membrane and let it cure for about 24 hours. The cure time for modified thin-set mortars can vary, so it is important to allow sufficient time for it to dry and form a hard film.
When tiling over a shower pan, it is crucial to waterproof the area properly to prevent water from seeping behind the flange. You can use liquid latex waterproofing or a product like Kerdi Band, non-modified thinset, and Kerdi fix to waterproof the lip of the pan. Additionally, applying a waterproof membrane like Kerdi or Redguard to the walls before tiling is recommended.
Some people also suggest using a grinder to remove the thickness of the lip on the back of the tile or to grind down any small knobs protruding from the existing drain flange. This can help ensure an even surface for tiling.
Finally, when sealing the tile to the pan, use the recommended caulk supplied by the shower pan manufacturer. This will help prevent the wicking of water or moisture to the sheetrock.
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Waterproofing
Firstly, before installing any tiles, it is important to test the water tightness of the shower pan. This can be done by plugging the drain, filling the pan with water, and observing for any leaks or changes in water level. A sufficient slope and clear weep holes are essential to ensure proper drainage and prevent standing water, which can lead to bacterial growth.
When it comes to the tile installation process itself, waterproofing membranes are key. The Tile Council of North America (TCNA) recommends using a waterproofing membrane such as Schluter-Kerdi, which can be installed over the existing shower pan and extended up the wall to ensure a waterproof seal. This membrane should be set in a thin bed of latex-modified thinset, ensuring a good bond with the underlying surface.
It is important to follow manufacturer instructions for the specific waterproofing products used. For example, the Schluter-Kerdi membrane requires the use of unmodified thin-set for proper bonding, and it is essential to allow adequate cure time, which can range from 14 to over 60 days.
Additionally, the type of tile and mortar application technique are important considerations. Large-format tiles, for instance, require good mortar coverage to minimize the risk of water penetration. Avoid using "dot" or "back buttering" methods, as these can leave empty spaces behind the tile, providing opportunities for bacteria growth if water gets through. Aim for at least 95% mortar coverage, and consider using slip-resistant tiles for shower floors.
For the tile installation on the lip of the shower pan, it is recommended to use a waterproof adhesive and carefully place the tiles to ensure a secure and even installation. Waterproofing products such as liquid latex waterproofing or Kerdi Band can be painted on the walls and corners at the height of the showerhead to create a continuous waterproof barrier.
Finally, it is worth noting that proper waterproofing also involves protecting the underlying structures. A well-built tile shower assembly isolates the tile from the framing, preventing small cracks in the substrate from affecting the tile and grout above. This can be achieved through the use of sheet membranes, which offer unmatched strength and durability compared to the traditional mud-bed approach.
By carefully following these waterproofing measures, you can effectively tile a shower pan, ensuring a durable and water-resistant installation.
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Types of tiles
When it comes to choosing tiles for your shower pan, there are several factors to consider, including the type of tile, cost, durability, and maintenance requirements. Here are some popular types of tiles for shower pans:
Ceramic Tiles
Ceramic tiles are a popular choice for shower pans due to their durability, wide range of styles, colours, and low absorption rate. They are made from clay and fired at high temperatures, creating a hard and long-lasting surface. Ceramic tiles are relatively easy to install and maintain, making them a practical and cost-effective option.
Porcelain Tiles
Porcelain tiles are a type of ceramic tile that is fired at even higher temperatures, making them denser and more durable than standard ceramic tiles. They are highly resistant to wear, stains, moisture, and scratches, making them an excellent choice for shower pans. Porcelain tiles are also low-maintenance and highly water-resistant, reducing the risk of mould and mildew.
Stone Tiles
Stone tiles such as slate, marble, limestone, and granite add a touch of natural beauty and luxury to your shower pan. They are well-suited for wet areas and have a natural rustic appeal. However, stone tiles require sealing during installation and regular resealing to prevent stains and water damage.
Mosaic Tiles
Mosaic tiles are another popular choice for shower pans due to their small size and ability to conform to the slope and shape of the shower floor. They provide more grout lines, which offer improved slip resistance in wet areas. Mosaic tiles come in a variety of colours and designs, allowing you to create a unique and aesthetically pleasing shower pan.
Glass Tiles
Glass tiles are impervious to water and, therefore, suitable for shower pans. They are available in various colours and can be mixed with other materials to create a dynamic look. Glass tiles are typically recommended in sizes smaller than 3 inches and with a matte finish for optimal performance and aesthetics.
Ultimately, the choice of tile for your shower pan depends on your specific requirements, design preferences, and budget. Each type of tile has its own unique characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages, so it is important to research and select the option that best suits your needs.
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Cost comparison
The cost of tiling a shower depends on several factors, including the type of tile, size of the shower, and labour costs. The average cost to tile a shower is $2,700, but it can range from $1,800 to $5,000, or even up to $10,000 or more.
The type of tile you choose can significantly impact the overall cost. For example, most ceramic tiles cost between $10 and $25 per square foot, while premium handmade varieties can be as high as $120 per square foot. On the other hand, porcelain tiles typically cost between $15 and $50 per square foot, and marble tiles range from $20 to $65 per square foot. Limestone and granite tiles are also popular choices, with installation costs ranging from $25 to $60 and $10 to $65 per square foot, respectively.
Labour costs also play a significant role in the overall price. A larger shower or more intricate tile pattern will increase the final price due to the additional time and labour required. If you choose to DIY, you can save on labour costs, but it may be challenging, and mistakes can be costly.
When comparing the costs of tiling a shower pan vs. a shower base, several factors come into play. If you're hiring a professional remodeler, the labour costs for building a custom tile shower pan on-site can be substantial. In contrast, a premade shower base is typically less expensive and faster to install since it comes as one solid piece.
However, if you're willing and able to DIY a custom tile shower, you can save on the total cost by absorbing the labour expenses. Additionally, with a tile shower, you have more options for shower drain styles, which may be more limited with a shower base.
It's worth noting that tile showers may have higher maintenance costs due to the need for cleaning, sealing, and re-grouting. Grout-free shower wall panels can be a more cost-effective option in the long run, especially if you're concerned about mould build-up or have family members with respiratory issues.
In summary, the cost comparison between tiling a shower pan and installing a shower base depends on various factors, including the type of tile, the size of the shower, labour costs, and the potential for DIY projects. While premade shower bases are typically more affordable and faster to install, custom tile showers can be more cost-effective if you're able to take on the labour yourself.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, you can put tile on a shower pan. However, it is not recommended to put a prefab shower pan over a tile shower pan, especially if it is absorbing water.
First, isolate the old tile with a waterproofing membrane. Remove the old drain cover and set a new grate over the existing drain. Cover the entire pan with latex-modified thinset and install the waterproofing membrane, letting it cure for about 24 hours.
Shower pans are low-maintenance and durable. They provide a sleek finish and minimise the risk of mould in damp conditions. They are also cost-effective and time-effective to manufacture.
A tiled shower floor looks better and is better for resale. If you do proper waterproofing, you won't have any issues.
