Tiffany Haney
Acrylic shower pans are a popular choice for bathrooms, given their lightweight and simple installation process. They are also cost-effective, warm underfoot, and flexible. However, one of the main concerns with acrylic shower pans is their potential to crack, especially if the material is too thin or the installation is done incorrectly. This has led to questions about the best methods for installing acrylic shower pans, including whether it is advisable to screw into them. While some people choose to screw through the flange of the shower pan into the wall studs, others opt to follow the manufacturer's instructions, which often recommend laying the pan on a mortar bed without the use of screws. Ultimately, the decision to screw into an acrylic shower pan depends on the specific product and installation requirements, with some manufacturers providing detailed instructions and videos to guide users through the process.
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What You'll Learn
Installation of an acrylic shower pan
Acrylic shower pans are a popular choice for new builds and renovations due to their lightweight and simple installation process. They are also cost-effective, warm underfoot, and flexible enough to be used with tile surrounds or waterproof wall panels.
To install an acrylic shower pan, follow these steps:
First, ensure that the subfloor is flat and level. If it is not, apply a self-leveling compound following the manufacturer's instructions. Use a self-leveling compound that adheres to the substrate you are installing it over (OSB, cement board, plywood, etc). Run the compound up to the line you drew on the subfloor along the edge of the shower pan. Screw a piece of 1x2 along the line to act as a dam to contain the compound within the shower pan area. Allow the compound to cure as per the manufacturer's instructions.
Next, test-fit the shower drain flange to ensure it fits flush with the shower base. Line the underside of the flange's rim with latex/acrylic or silicone caulk, or plumber's putty if the manufacturer's instructions advise it is safe to use with the shower pan material.
Now, dry-fit the shower pan in the opening. Drill 3/16-inch holes in the flange at each stud location. Check that the shower drain hole lines up with the existing shower drain.
Screw or snap the shower drain screen into place over the flange so that it sits flush with the shower pan base. Allow the thinset mortar or adhesive to dry fully per the manufacturer’s instructions. Test the pan and shower drain connection for leaks as well as in and around the shower stall. Get an inspection if needed.
Once the shower pan is installed and you have ensured there are no leaks, you can move on to installing the shower walls.
Apply a layer of mortar or adhesive to the floor and set the shower pan in place, pressing down to ensure a good bond. Use a level to check that the pan is even and adjust if necessary. Allow the pan to dry and set according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Now, dry-fit the acrylic wall panels to check alignment and spacing. Ensure they sit properly over the shower pan. Measure and cut openings for plumbing fixtures such as the faucet, showerhead, and any handles. Apply a generous amount of adhesive to the back of the panels. Press the panels against the walls, starting with the back panel, followed by the side panels.
Secure the panels using the screws or brackets provided with the acrylic shower kit. Ensure the panels are tightly fixed to the wall to prevent any movement. Apply silicone caulk along all joints and seams to create a watertight seal, which helps to prevent leaks. Smooth the caulk and allow it to dry completely before moving forward with the installation.
Finally, reinstall the plumbing fixtures. Attach the faucet, showerhead, and any other necessary fixtures. Carefully connect the plumbing pipes and ensure that all connections are tight to prevent leaks. Allow the shower to sit for the recommended time to ensure that everything is fully set and ready for use.
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The need for mortar underneath
Acrylic shower pans are lightweight and simple to install. However, they need a sturdy base to prevent cracking. While some acrylic shower pans are designed with 'sub-structures' to support them, others require a mortar bed to be installed underneath.
A shower pan is the piece that forms the bottom of a shower or bathtub. It must rest on top of a concrete layer that can support the bottom piece. When installed correctly, a waterproof barrier is created between the shower bottom and the underlying layers.
A mortar mix provides the best base because it is very shapable, allowing the owner to fit whatever type of shower or bath pan into the supportive base. The ideal mortar for a shower pan is a mix of standard cement mix with sand and Portland cement. This type of mortar creates a great water-resistant barrier that can support the weight of the shower unit.
When using mortar to set a shower pan, it is important to mix the mortar a bit looser (wetter) than normal so it's easy to move around, but still stiff enough to keep its shape. It is also important to note that you should never put a full bed down. Instead, lay a bed of mortar with about 1" strips of mortar and 1" space. So when you set the pan, the mortar can spread where needed.
Some manufacturers recommend using a reinforced acrylic shower pan with MDF (Multi-Density Fiberboard) below its top surface to add rigidity. This option costs more but provides added reinforcement to prevent leaks.
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The use of screws
When installing an acrylic shower pan, it is essential to prepare the space properly. This includes turning off the water supply and removing any old showers, bathtubs, or plumbing fixtures. The area should be cleaned, and the walls should be level, free from moisture damage, and measured accurately to ensure the shower pan fits perfectly.
The shower pan should be placed onto a bed of mortar or adhesive, depending on the manufacturer's instructions. Once the shower pan is level and in position, screws can be used to secure it further. Exterior-grade screws should be screwed through the pre-drilled holes in the shower pan rim into the wall studs. This step ensures that the shower pan is firmly attached to the wall and reduces the risk of leaks.
It is important to note that screws should not be used if they are not recommended by the manufacturer, as this could compromise the structural integrity of the shower pan and potentially lead to cracking. If screws are not recommended, other methods such as a bed of mortar, floor caulk, and plumbing can be used to secure the shower pan in place.
After installing the shower pan, it is crucial to test for leaks and ensure proper drainage. Once the shower pan has passed the leak test, the walls can be installed, and the final touches can be added. These finishing steps include inspecting seams and joints, applying additional caulk if necessary, and cleaning the acrylic surfaces to remove any residue, dust, or fingerprints.
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Waterproofing the shower pan
Waterproofing your shower pan is a crucial step in preventing water damage and mould growth. Here is a step-by-step guide to achieving a waterproof shower pan installation:
Prepare the Subfloor
Before installing the shower pan, ensure that the subfloor is free of defects and meets all relevant standards, such as those set by the Tile Council of North America (TCNA). Any movement in the shower system due to an unstable subfloor can lead to failure.
Install a Waterproofing Membrane
Apply a waterproofing membrane to the subfloor. This will create a barrier that prevents water from penetrating the cement or mortar subfloor. There are several types of waterproofing membranes available, including sheet membranes, liquid membranes, foam wallboards, and foam shower bases.
Secure the Shower Pan
Position the shower pan correctly, ensuring it aligns with the drain location for efficient water drainage. Secure the shower pan in place by screwing its rim into the designated wall studs. This enhances the structural integrity and overall durability of the installation.
Connect the Drain System
After positioning and securing the pan, focus on properly connecting the drain system. Begin by test-fitting the drain flange to ensure a perfect alignment with the shower base, preventing future leaks. Apply a sealant, such as latex/acrylic or silicone caulk, to create a watertight seal. Spread it evenly on the underside of the shower drain flange's rim.
Secure the Drain Flange
Once the sealant is applied, secure the drain flange in place. Screw the locking ring onto the threads of the flange, tightening the gasket and friction washer between it and the bottom of the shower pan.
Test for Leaks
Before finalising the installation, conduct a thorough leak test to catch any issues early and ensure a watertight seal. Check the connection between the shower pan and the drain, inspecting every corner of the shower base for signs of water seepage or dampness.
Regular Maintenance
Even after a successful installation, regular maintenance is crucial. Keep an eye on your shower pan for any signs of damage or leaks. Address any issues promptly and don't hesitate to seek professional help if needed.
By following these steps and paying attention to detail, you can achieve a waterproof shower pan installation that prevents leaks and mould growth.
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The importance of measuring the shower space
Acrylic shower pans are a popular choice for bathrooms, given their lightweight and easy-to-install nature. They are also cost-effective, warm underfoot, and do not require resealing. However, it is important to carefully measure your shower space before selecting an acrylic shower pan to ensure a proper fit and avoid common problems like cracking or leakage.
Firstly, it is crucial to measure the width and depth of your shower space. Standard prefabricated square shower pans typically start at 30-by-30-inches and can go up to 42-by-42-inches. Larger options are available, with some measuring 60-by-60-inches. If you have a small bathroom, consider a neo-angle or corner shower with a smaller shower pan to maximize space. The neo-angle shower, for instance, has a unique design where the front corner is sliced off, allowing for a 135-degree angle where the glass meets the wall.
Secondly, the threshold of a shower pan, which dictates its depth, is an important measurement to consider. The standard height of a shower pan threshold is 4 inches, but it can vary from 1 inch to 6 inches, depending on your preference. If you opt for a zero-entry shower, there is no threshold to consider. The threshold width is dependent on the width of the shower and can be anywhere from 30 inches to 60 inches or higher for custom showers.
Thirdly, the shape of your shower space will influence the shape and size of the shower pan you choose. For example, a rectangular shower pan can range from 42-by-32-inches to 60-by-42-inches. Corner showers, on the other hand, are curved and measured based on the radius of the curve and the straight edge at the entrance.
Lastly, consider the position of your shower drain. The drain position will impact the size and shape of the shower pan you choose. Common drain positions include offset drain, center drain, and on-edge drain. Additionally, you may want to think about whether you prefer a curbless or walk-in base without a barrier or a traditional base with a lip to hold the water.
By carefully measuring your shower space and considering the aforementioned factors, you can ensure that you select the most suitable acrylic shower pan for your bathroom, avoiding potential installation issues and enjoying your new shower for years to come.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, you can screw into an acrylic shower pan. However, it is not always necessary, and some manufacturers do not recommend it.
Screws are not always necessary for installing an acrylic shower pan. Some manufacturers recommend using a mortar bed or adhesive to secure the pan in place.
If you are screwing into a wall stud, use 1 1/4-inch exterior-grade screws. If screwing above the flange, use stainless steel screws.
Screws should be placed through the pre-drilled holes in the shower pan rim and into the wall studs. If screwing above the flange, ensure the screw head engages the lip.
Drilling your own holes in an acrylic shower pan is not recommended. It may void the manufacturer's warranty, and improperly placed holes can lead to leaks and structural issues.
