
Rice porridge, also known as congee, is a popular dish in many parts of Asia. It is a simple dish to make, requiring only rice and water, but it can be time-consuming. The process involves rinsing the rice, adding it to a pot with water, and simmering it until the desired consistency is achieved. The ratio of rice to water depends on personal preference for thickness, but typically ranges from 1:9 to 1:20. The longer the porridge cooks, the thicker it becomes, and additional water can be added to thin it out if needed. Congee can be served as a savoury or sweet dish, with various toppings and add-ins such as eggs, vegetables, and meat. It can be made on the stovetop, in a rice cooker, or an Instant Pot, each requiring slightly different techniques but resulting in the same comforting dish.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Type of Rice | Long-grain white rice, although other grains like barley and sorghum are used in some regions |
| Rice Preparation | Rinse the rice prior to cooking |
| Cooking Method | Stovetop, rice cooker, or Instant Pot |
| Rice to Water Ratio | Varies depending on desired consistency; for medium-thick porridge, 1:9 or 1:10; for thick porridge, 1:8; for thin porridge, 1:10 or 1:20 |
| Cooking Time | 25-30 minutes on stovetop; 45-50 minutes in rice cooker; 25 minutes in Instant Pot |
| Temperature | Medium heat on stovetop; uncovered on low heat in rice cooker; high pressure in Instant Pot |
| Add-Ins | Meat, vegetables, eggs, tofu, spices, herbs |
| Serving Temperature | Hot |
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What You'll Learn
- Rice to water ratio: 1:9 for medium-thick porridge, 1:10 for medium-thin
- Rinse the rice to remove any impurities
- Boil water/stock, then lower heat and add rice
- Simmer for 25-30 mins, stirring to prevent rice from catching at the bottom
- Add meat, vegetables, and other ingredients after the porridge has thickened

Rice to water ratio: 1:9 for medium-thick porridge, 1:10 for medium-thin
The rice-to-water ratio is a key factor in determining the consistency of your rice porridge. If you're aiming for a medium-thick porridge, the recommended rice-to-water ratio is 1:9. This means that for every cup of rice, you would use nine cups of water. This ratio will give you a porridge that is neither too runny nor too thick, but rather a happy medium.
On the other hand, if you prefer your porridge to be a bit thinner, you can adjust the ratio to 1:10. By adding an extra cup of water for every cup of rice, you'll achieve a medium-thin consistency. This is a good option if you're looking for something that's more easily pourable and not as dense as the medium-thick version.
It's important to note that these ratios are just a starting point, and you can always adjust the amount of water to suit your personal preference. If you find that your porridge is thicker than you'd like, simply add a little more water to thin it out. Conversely, if it's too thin, you can either reduce the water next time or continue simmering it to evaporate some of the excess liquid and thicken the porridge.
When making rice porridge, it's also worth considering the type of rice you use. Long-grain white rice is a common choice, but other varieties such as barley or sorghum can also be used, depending on regional availability and preferences. Additionally, some people like to use frozen rice, as cooking it in hot water can help break down the rice grains faster, resulting in a silkier and smoother texture.
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Rinse the rice to remove any impurities
Rinsing the rice is an important step in the rice porridge-making process, as it removes any impurities that may be present. This step is simple but essential to ensuring your rice porridge is safe to eat and has the best possible texture.
Firstly, you will need a mesh strainer. Place the desired amount of rice in the strainer and rinse it with water. You can briefly run it under the tap, or you can wash it more thoroughly by filling the strainer with rice and water and then draining the water out. Some recipes suggest washing the rice three times with water to ensure it is clean. Make sure to shake out any excess water from the rice.
This process will ensure that any impurities are removed from the rice before cooking. It is a quick and easy step that will improve the overall quality of your rice porridge.
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Boil water/stock, then lower heat and add rice
To cook rice porridge in a pot, you'll first need to decide on the desired consistency of your porridge. The rice-to-liquid ratio will depend on whether you want a thick, medium-thick, or thin porridge. For a thick consistency, a ratio of 1:4 or 1:8 for Instant Pot and stovetop methods, respectively, is recommended. For a medium-thick consistency, a ratio of 1:5 or 1:10 for Instant Pot and stovetop methods is suggested. If you prefer a thinner porridge, you can increase the amount of liquid further.
Once you've measured your rice and water/stock according to your desired ratio, place them in a medium-large pot. Bring the water/stock to a boil, then lower the heat and add the rice. At this point, you can also add other ingredients like chicken, garlic, ginger, and salt, if desired.
After adding the rice, bring the mixture back to a boil and then reduce the heat to medium. Allow the porridge to gently simmer for about 25-30 minutes, stirring occasionally to prevent the rice from sticking to the bottom of the pot. During this time, the rice grains will gradually release starch, making the porridge smoother and creamier.
If you're using a stovetop method, remember to keep an eye on the porridge to prevent it from spilling over or scorching the bottom of the pot. You may need to adjust the heat and stirring frequency accordingly.
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Simmer for 25-30 mins, stirring to prevent rice from catching at the bottom
After bringing the water or stock to a boil, lower the heat and add the rice. Bring it back to a boil, then lower the heat to a medium setting. Now, let it simmer for 25 to 30 minutes. Stir the mixture occasionally to prevent the rice from sticking to the bottom of the pot. The rice grains will slowly release starch, making the porridge smoother and creamier. Begin tasting the porridge at around 20 minutes to assess the texture and consistency.
The consistency of the porridge is a matter of personal preference. Some like their porridge thin and runny, like soup. Others prefer it medium-thick with some toppings. If you like your porridge thick and cosy, like a bowl of creamy oatmeal, you'll need to simmer it for longer.
If you're using a rice cooker, you can set it and forget it. However, if you're cooking on a stovetop, you'll need to keep an eye on it to prevent it from spilling over and scorching the bottom of the pot. An Instant Pot or pressure cooker is a good option if you want a hands-off approach, but it won't save you much time.
You can also try making congee with frozen rice. Using frozen rice will cause the rice grains to break down faster, and the starch released will make the porridge silky and smooth.
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Add meat, vegetables, and other ingredients after the porridge has thickened
Once your rice porridge has thickened, you can start adding your choice of meat, vegetables, and other ingredients. The raw protein will cook quickly in the hot porridge. For meat, you can use ground pork, ground turkey, small boneless chicken pieces, or fish slices. You can also add cooked meat, such as leftover shredded rotisserie chicken or cooked eggs. If you want a meatless option, try tempeh or firm tofu cubes.
When it comes to vegetables, you can add frozen vegetables without thawing them first. Some options include edamame, frozen mixed vegetables, or frozen corn. If you prefer fresh vegetables, try diced carrots or sweet potato pieces. These should be added at the beginning of the cooking process to allow enough time for them to soften.
You can also get creative with other toppings and ingredients. For a simple approach, a sprinkling of scallions and soy sauce or sesame seed oil can be delicious. If you want to add some spice, try chile crisp or roasted peanuts. Pickled vegetables, dried shrimp, cilantro, tofu, and eggs are also great options.
Remember, the longer the porridge sits, the thicker it will get. You can always adjust the consistency by adding more water or stock if it becomes too thick. Season with salt to taste, and serve immediately while the porridge is hot.
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Frequently asked questions
You can cook rice porridge in a regular pot on a stovetop, an Instant Pot (or pressure cooker), or a rice cooker.
The ratio depends on your desired consistency. For a thick consistency, the ratio is 1:4 for an Instant Pot and 1:8 for a stovetop pot. For a medium-thick consistency, the ratio is 1:5 for an Instant Pot and 1:10 for a stovetop pot. For a thin consistency, the ratio is 1:9 for an Instant Pot and 1:10 for a stovetop pot.
First, rinse the rice and place it in a medium-large pot with water or stock. Bring it to a boil, then lower the heat and add the rice. Bring it back to a boil and then lower the heat to medium. Let it gently simmer for about 25-30 minutes, stirring occasionally to prevent the rice from catching at the bottom of the pot.
You can add a raw or cooked egg to the porridge. You can also add vegetables, such as edamame, carrots, or sweet potatoes, or meat, such as chicken, beef, or pork. Common garnishes include green onions, cracked pepper, cilantro, fried shallots, Chinese sausage, bacon, or onions.






















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