Cody Casey
Sonic Pi is a live coding music synth tool that allows users to compose and perform music in a variety of styles. It provides a range of options to craft and control sounds, including amplitude and pan. Amplitude controls the loudness of a sound, with 0 being silent and 1 being normal volume. Pan controls the panning of a sound in stereo, allowing users to slide the pan of a sample sound or pan from left to right in a loop. The Pan Slicer is a feature that allows for more sophisticated sound design, such as making a sample sound sway back and forth.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Control | Pan |
| Purpose | Controls the panning of a sound in stereo |
| Range | -1 to 1 |
| Use | pan: followed by the desired value |
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What You'll Learn
Using the 'pan' opt to control panning in stereo
Sonic Pi provides a range of options to craft and control sounds. One of the most useful is the pan opt, which controls the panning of a sound in stereo. Panning a sound to the left means that you hear it out of the left speaker, and panning it to the right means you hear it out of your right speaker. The values -1, 0, and 1 represent fully left, centre, and fully right in the stereo field, respectively. However, you can use any value between -1 and 1 to control the exact positioning of the sound.
To change the panning of a sound in Sonic Pi, you can use the pan: opt. For example, to pan a sound to the left, you can use the following code:
Play 60, pan: -0.5
This will pan the sound to the left speaker. You can also use the pan: opt to pan a sound to the right:
Play 60, pan: 0.5
This will pan the sound to the right speaker. You can also use the pan: opt to pan a sound to the centre:
Play 60, pan: 0
This will play the sound equally through both speakers.
In addition to using specific values, you can also use the rrand function to randomly pan a sound between two values. For example:
Live_loop :melody do
Use_synth :mod_fm
Use_synth_defaults attack: 0.25, release: 0.5, pan: rrand(-0.5, 0.5), cutoff: 50
Play 72 sleep 0.25
Play 76 sleep 0.25
Play 76 sleep 0.25
End
This code creates a live loop that plays a melody using the :mod_fm synth. The use_synth_defaults function sets the default values for the synth, including the pan: rrand(-0.5, 0.5), which randomly pans the sound between -0.5 (left) and 0.5 (right) with each iteration of the loop.
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The Pan Slicer
In Sonic Pi, pan controls the panning of a sound in stereo. It is one of the options or "opts" that can be used to modify and control aspects of the sound you hear. Each synth in Sonic Pi has its own set of opts for finely tuning its sound, and pan is one of the most useful ones.
To use the Pan Slicer, you can specify the range of pan values you want to slide between. For example, you can set the pan to slide from -0.6 to 0.2, or start at -1 and iterate by 0.1 to the other side. Here is an example code snippet that demonstrates how to use the Pan Slicer:
Live_loop :melody do
Use_synth :mod_fm
Use_synth_defaults attack: 0.25, release: 0.5, pan: rrand(-0.5, 0.5), cutoff: 50
Play 72
Sleep 0.25
Play 76
Sleep 0.25
Play 76
Sleep 0.25
End
In this code, the `live_loop :melody` block creates a loop that plays a melody. The `use_synth :mod_fm` line specifies the synth to be used, and `use_synth_defaults` sets the default values for the synth, including the pan value. The `rrand(-0.5, 0.5)` function generates a random number between -0.5 and 0.5, which is used as the pan value.
By using the Pan Slicer and adjusting the pan values, you can create dynamic and expressive sound effects in your Sonic Pi projects.
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Panning a tone or drum sound from -1 to 1
Panning a sound in Sonic Pi involves modifying the sound's position in a stereo field. This means that panning a sound to the left will make it come out of the left speaker, and panning it to the right will make it come out of the right speaker. To achieve this, you can use the "pan:" option, which allows you to specify the panning position of a sound.
The "pan:" option takes a value between -1 and 1, where -1 represents the fully left position, 0 represents the centre, and 1 represents the fully right position. By using values between -1 and 1, you can precisely control the panning position of your sound.
Live_loop :melody do
Use_synth :mod_fm
Use_synth_defaults attack: 0.25, release: 0.5, cutoff: 50
Play 72, pan: -1
Sleep 0.25
Play 76, pan: -0.8
Sleep 0.25
Play 76, pan: -0.6
Sleep 0.25
Play 72, pan: -0.4
Sleep 0.25
Play 72, pan: -0.2
Sleep 0.25
Play 76, pan: 0
Sleep 0.25
Play 76, pan: 0.2
Sleep 0.25
Play 72, pan: 0.4
Sleep 0.25
Play 72, pan: 0.6
Sleep 0.25
Play 76, pan: 0.8
Sleep 0.25
Play 76, pan: 1
End
In this example, the "live_loop" named ":melody" plays a sequence of notes using the ":mod_fm" synth. The "use_synth_defaults" line sets the default values for the attack, release, and cutoff options for the synth. The "play" command specifies the note to be played, and the "pan:" option is used to set the panning position for each note. The notes are panned from -1 to 1 in increments of 0.2, creating a back-and-forth panning effect.
You can also use the "rrand()" function to randomly pan a sound within a specified range. For example:
Live_loop :melody do
Use_synth :mod_fm
Use_synth_defaults attack: 0.25, release: 0.5, pan: rrand(-0.5, 0.5), cutoff: 50
Play 72
Sleep 0.25
Play 76
Sleep 0.25
Play 76
Sleep 0.25
End
In this example, the "pan:" option is set to "rrand(-0.5, 0.5)", which randomly pans the sound between -0.5 and 0.5, creating a stereo effect.
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Using 'pan_slide' to control panning
Panning is a fun option to use in Sonic Pi, allowing you to control the panning of a sound in stereo. Panning a sound to the left means you will hear it from the left speaker, and panning it to the right means you will hear it from the right speaker. The values used to represent the panning positions are -1 for fully left, 0 for centre, and 1 for fully right. Any value between -1 and 1 can be used to control the exact positioning of the sound in the stereo field.
The pan: parameter can be used on samples to create unique and interesting music. For example, to play a sample through the left ear and then again through the right ear, you can use the following code:
Sample :loop_amen, pan: -1 sleep 0.877
Sample :loop_amen, pan: 1
In this code, 0.877 is half the duration of the :loop_amen sample in seconds. It is important to note that if you set synth defaults with use_synth_defaults, they will be ignored by the sample.
You can also use the pan: option in a live_loop to create a melody with panning effects. Here is an example of how to do this:
Live_loop :melody do
Use_synth :mod_fm
Use_synth_defaults attack: 0.25, release: 0.5, pan: rrand(-0.5, 0.5), cutoff: 50
Play 72 sleep 0.25
Play 76 sleep 0.25
Play 76 sleep 0.25
End
In this code, the rrand function is used to generate a random value between -0.5 and 0.5 for the pan: option, creating a random panning effect for each note in the melody.
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Using 'pan' with 'rrand' to randomise panning
Sonic Pi has some great functionality for adding randomness to your music. The rrand function is a great way to add interest to your music by introducing random numbers. rrand gives you a random value between two numbers, the minimum and the maximum. For example, rrand(50, 100) will give you a random number between 50 and 100.
However, it's important to note that the randomisation in Sonic Pi is not truly random. It's pseudo-random, meaning it will give you random-like numbers in a repeatable manner. This means that while the numbers will be random within a given run, the next run will produce the same sequence of random values.
To get around this, you can use the use_random_seed function. For example, use_random_seed 40 5.times do play rrand(50, 100) sleep 0.5 end. This will produce a different sequence of 5 notes each time. By changing the seed, you can find a sequence you like, and when you share it with others, they will hear the same sequence.
Now, let's talk about using pan with rrand to randomise panning. Pan controls the panning of a sound in stereo, with -1 being panned hard left, 0 being centred, and 1 being panned hard right. By using rrand with pan, you can randomise the panning of a sound. For example, live_loop :melody do use_synth :mod_fm use_synth_defaults attack: 0.25, release: 0.5, pan: rrand(-0.5, 0.5), cutoff: 50 play 72 sleep 0.25 play 76 sleep 0.25 play 76 sleep 0.25 end.
In this example, the pan value will be randomly selected between -0.5 and 0.5, creating a stereo effect with the sound panning between hard left and hard right. You can adjust the minimum and maximum values to control the range of the panning.
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Frequently asked questions
Panning controls the panning of a sound in stereo.
To pan back and forth, you can use the pan_slide option. For example, you can use "pan: rrand(-1, 0), pan_slide: rrand(4, 8)" to slide the pan from left to right.
It's recommended to use low amplitudes, such as between 0 to 0.5, to avoid compression and muddy-sounding audio. You can also use the Pan Slicer for more sophisticated sound design.
You can adjust the panning of a specific sound by using the "pan:" option followed by the desired value. For example, "pan: 0.5" will set the panning to the center.
