Tiffany Haney
ArcMap is a powerful tool for creating and editing spatial data, allowing users to digitize paper maps and create new features or edit existing ones. It offers a range of tools for digitizing, including the ability to pan while working on a project. The panning function in ArcMap allows users to easily move around a map while in an edit session. This can be done by clicking on the pan tool, making the desired adjustments, and then clicking back on the edit tool. Additionally, the 3D Pan tool moves both observer and target positions together, enabling lateral movement through a 3D view without altering the direction of observation. This tool is particularly useful for maintaining a consistent viewpoint while navigating through a 3D scene.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Panning in ArcMap | Click on the pan tool, make your move, then click back on the edit tool |
| Digitizing lines and snapping | Use the snapping toolbar to help ensure the new road feature connects to existing roads |
| Using the pan tool | Click the Pan button on the Navigation toolbar, then move the mouse pointer over the map display and click and drag the pointer to pan the map |
| Alternative method | Select the Continuous Zoom/Pan tool and right-click the display to pan the map |
| Resetting the target location | Use the Center On Target tool or right-click on the 3D view and click Set Target and Center |
| 3D Pan tool | Moves both the observer and target positions together, allowing lateral movement through a 3D view without changing the relative direction |
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What You'll Learn
Click the Pan button on the Navigation toolbar
To pan while digitizing in ArcMap, start by clicking the Pan button on the Navigation toolbar. This will allow you to move around the map while in an edit session with a given tool active. You can then make your desired move, and click back on the edit tool you were using before.
The process of panning in ArcMap is quite straightforward. Once you have clicked the Pan button, you can move the mouse pointer over the map display and click and drag the pointer to pan across the map. Alternatively, you can select the Continuous Zoom/Pan tool and right-click the display to pan the map. If you want to go back to the original view of the map, click the File menu and select Reload.
It is important to note that if you are working with a 2D map and the layer does not draw when you move the data frame, it may be due to a scale range set that prevents the layer from displaying at certain scales. In such cases, you can adjust the layer's settings by right-clicking on it in the table of contents and accessing the Layer Properties dialog box.
ArcMap also offers the ability to digitize lines and snap them to existing roads. This can be done by activating the Line tool and resting the pointer over the endpoint of an existing line. You can then zoom or pan closer if needed, and click once to start digitizing or sketching a new line or polygon.
Additionally, you can use a digitizing tablet to create and edit spatial data. This allows you to convert features from a paper map into digital features and update existing layers on your digital map.
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Use the 3D Pan tool
The 3D Pan tool in ArcMap allows you to move both the observer and target positions together, enabling you to navigate laterally through your 3D view without altering the relative direction you are facing. To use this tool, follow these steps:
- Access the 3D Pan tool by clicking the 3D Pan button on the Tools toolbar. The pointer will change to indicate that you are now using the 3D Pan tool.
- Click on the 3D view and drag it. By doing this, you will move the observer and target locations simultaneously along the same 3D vector to their new positions.
- Note that the 3D Pan tool only functions in surface navigation mode, which is the mode supported by ArcScene. If you are using ArcGlobe with global navigation mode, the target point cannot be moved from the center of the planet, so ArcGlobe will automatically switch to surface mode.
- To adjust the camera vertically while using the 3D Pan tool, hold down the Shift key and drag the view up or down. This will allow you to adjust the elevation of the observer and target points.
- After using the 3D Pan tool, consider resetting your target location. The target position can be moved above or below the surface, so resetting ensures an accurate perspective.
The 3D Pan tool is a valuable feature in ArcMap for navigating 3D scenes while maintaining a consistent viewpoint and direction.
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Add the Snapping toolbar
The Snapping toolbar is the central location where you manage the snapping settings. The default snapping types are points, endpoints, vertices, and edges. To add the Snapping toolbar, go to the Editor menu, click Options, and then click the General tab. Check "Use classic snapping".
You can also enable snapping to an intersection, segment midpoint, or curve tangent point. This is useful when adding points at street intersections or dividing a feature where it meets another feature. For example, if you need to split a park where a stream crosses it, you can turn on intersection snapping, select the park polygon, and then use the Cut Polygons tool to cut the park into two features.
Each snapping type (vertex, edge, endpoint, intersection, etc.) has its own pointer icon, which matches the buttons on the Snapping toolbar. For instance, the pointer is a square with lines inside it when snapping to an endpoint, and it becomes a box with diagonal lines when snapping to an edge.
You can also customize the appearance of the buttons on the toolbar. To do this, click the Customize menu, click Customize Mode, and then right-click an icon on the Snapping toolbar. From there, you can select Text Only, Image Only, or Text and Image.
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Use a digitizing tablet
Using a digitizing tablet with ArcMap offers a way to create and edit spatial data from a paper map. The tablet must have WinTab-compliant digitizer driver software. Before you begin, you must establish control points that you will use to register the map to the geographic space in ArcMap. If your map has a grid or a set of known ground points, you can use these as control points. If not, choose between four and 10 distinctive locations, such as road intersections, and mark them on your map with a pencil. Give each location a unique number and write down its coordinates. Once you have identified at least four control points, place your map on the tablet and attach it with putty or tape.
To digitize features, you need to enable digitizing mode. Digitizing tablets generally operate in two modes: digitizing (absolute) mode and mouse (relative) mode. You can switch between the two modes using the Editing Options dialog box. In digitizing mode, you can only digitize features; you cannot choose buttons, menu commands, or tools from the ArcMap user interface. In mouse mode, there is no correlation between the position of the screen pointer and the digitizing tablet. You can also use your mouse to choose interface elements at any time, whether your digitizer is in mouse mode or digitizing mode.
To digitize features on a paper map, you can use point mode digitizing or stream mode digitizing (streaming). You can switch between the two modes as you digitize by pressing F8. In stream mode, you can specify the number of vertices you want to group together. When you click Undo, the specified number of vertices will be deleted. In the Editing Options dialog box, the Digitizer tab displays the current x,y location of the digitizer puck on the tablet. The coordinates change as you move the puck. To digitize, trace the puck over the feature on the paper map and create features as desired.
When using a digitizing tablet with ArcMap, you can move around a map while in an edit session by clicking on the pan tool, making your move, and then clicking back on the edit tool.
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Establish control points
To establish control points while digitizing in ArcMap, you need to first ensure you have the right software and hardware setup. This includes having a digitizing tablet with WinTab-compliant digitizer driver software. You can check if a WinTab-compliant driver is available for your digitizer by referring to the documentation that came with your tablet or by contacting the manufacturer.
Once you have the required software, use the WinTab Manager setup program to configure the buttons on your digitizer puck. You may need to reboot your machine before using the setup program. Configure one puck button to perform a single click for digitizing point features and vertices, and another button to perform a double-click to finish digitizing line or polygon features. You may also want to set up a button for right-click access to shortcut menus.
Before you begin digitizing a paper map, it is important to ensure your map is reliable, up-to-date, flat, and free from tears or folds. As paper can expand or shrink due to weather conditions, experienced digitizers often copy paper maps onto a more stable material, such as Mylar, to minimize distortion.
To establish control points, you need to identify at least four well-placed control points. Place your map on the tablet and secure it with residue-free putty or drafting tape. You don't need to align the map perfectly as ArcMap will correct any alignment issues during registration. After identifying your control points, register your paper map in real-world coordinates to digitize features directly in geographic space. This involves recording the ground coordinates for the control points using the Digitizer tab of the Editing Options dialog box.
Once you have entered the ground coordinates, ArcMap will display an error report with two error calculations: a point-by-point error and a root mean square (RMS) error. The point-by-point error represents the distance deviation between each input control point and its corresponding point in map coordinates, while the RMS error is the average of these deviations. If the RMS error is too high, you can reregister the appropriate control points. For highly accurate data, the RMS error should be less than 0.004 digitizer units, while less accurate data can have a value of up to 0.008 digitizer units.
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