Ella Walter
Riveting floor pans is a process that involves using a rivet gun to join two pieces of metal together. While some people opt for welding, which is the standard method for installing floor pans, riveting can be a viable alternative in certain situations. However, it is important to note that Pop-Rivets or standard blind rivets are not designed for structural applications and may loosen over time due to body flex and shear stresses. To ensure a strong and durable riveted joint, it is recommended to use structural rivets, which are commonly found in aircraft construction and are almost as strong as spot welding. When deciding whether to weld or rivet, it is essential to consider the intended use of the vehicle, the available tools and expertise, and the potential for future repairs.
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What You'll Learn
Pop rivets vs welding
When it comes to repairing floor pans, there are several methods to consider: pop riveting, welding, or using structural adhesives. Each method has its advantages and considerations that should be weighed when making a decision. Here is a detailed comparison between pop riveting and welding:
Pop Riveting:
Pop riveting, also known as blind riveting, is a mechanical fastening process that joins two or more materials together using a rivet. It is an alternative method to welding, especially for those who are new to automotive repairs or do not have access to welding equipment. One of the main advantages of pop riveting is the level of control it offers. With pop rivets, it is easier to ensure that the flange and pan are tightly pulled together. If adjustments are needed, it is as simple as drilling out the rivet and redoing it. This process can also be advantageous for cosmetic reasons, as it allows for priming, painting, and sealing the mating surfaces.
However, one of the main considerations with pop riveting is structural strength. While riveting can provide sufficient strength for certain applications, it may not be suitable for structural applications in vehicles. Some forum users have expressed concerns about the durability of pop rivets, especially when dealing with rusty sheet metal. It is important to ensure that the materials being joined are free from rust, as water can find its way in and cause further deterioration. Additionally, pop riveting may not be recommended for certain vehicle types, such as Jeep owners.
Welding:
Welding is a process that joins materials, usually metals, by melting and fusing them together. It is a common method for repairing floor pans and offers several advantages. Welding can provide strong and permanent joins between materials. If done correctly, welding can create a solid and watertight repair. However, welding requires skill, practice, and knowledge to achieve satisfactory results. Various factors come into play, such as the amount of heat or electricity used, the speed of the wire feed, the angle of the gun, and the speed at which the gun is moved.
While welding can be more challenging, especially for beginners, it may be more suitable for certain situations. If structural integrity is a top priority, welding may be preferred over pop riveting. Additionally, welding can be a better option when dealing with rusty sheet metal, as it can cut out the rusted metal and weld in replacement panels. However, welding equipment can be costly, and accessing professional welding services may be necessary.
In conclusion, both pop riveting and welding have their advantages and considerations. Pop riveting offers control, ease of adjustment, and cosmetic benefits but may have limitations in structural strength and durability, especially with rusty sheet metal. On the other hand, welding can provide strong and permanent joins but requires skill and knowledge to execute correctly. The decision between pop riveting and welding ultimately depends on factors such as the specific application, the condition of the materials, and the level of experience of the individual performing the repair.
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Using a rivet gun
When using a rivet gun, it is important to note that the strength of the repair will depend on the type of rivets used and the material being joined. For example, steel rivets are stronger than aluminium rivets when used on steel panels. Additionally, structural rivets, commonly found in aircraft, are stronger than typical pop rivets and are designed to handle shear stresses.
To ensure a strong repair, it is recommended to use a combination of rivets and an adhesive, such as body panel adhesive or Lord Fuser 2098. This will provide extra strength and help to fill any gaps between the panels.
When using a rivet gun, follow these general steps:
- Drill holes in the pan: Drill 1/8th-inch holes in the pan about every 1.5 inches to 2 inches. The spacing will depend on the material and the desired strength of the repair.
- Prepare the mating surfaces: Prime, paint, and seal the mating surfaces before riveting to protect against corrosion and ensure a tight fit.
- Rivet the panels together: Using a pneumatic rivet gun at 110+ PSI, insert steel rivets with large heads through the drilled holes to join the panels together. Ensure the rivets are inserted straight and flush with the surface.
- Check and adjust as needed: If something isn't right, simply drill out the rivet and redo it. This provides more control over the repair process compared to welding.
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Drilling holes for pop rivets
Step 1: Planning and Measurement
Before drilling, it is crucial to determine the appropriate locations for the pop rivets. Mark the spots where the rivets will be placed, ensuring they are spaced adequately apart and aligned correctly. Measure the diameter of the pop rivets you plan to use, as this will dictate the size of the drill bit required. Standard pop rivets typically require a 1/8" drill bit, but it is always best to double-check.
Step 2: Choosing the Drill Bit
Select a high-quality drill bit that matches the size of the rivet or is slightly larger. For example, if using a 3/16" rivet, opt for a 1/4" drill bit. Ensure the drill bit has a V-point rather than a double-cutting point, as this will facilitate a cleaner hole.
Step 3: Drilling Technique
When drilling, apply gentle pressure and let the drill bit do the cutting. Drilling at a slight angle can help to lightly penetrate the surface. Avoid applying excessive force, as this may damage the material or create a larger hole than needed. Drill only as deeply as necessary to accommodate the rivet.
Step 4: Surface Preparation
Before drilling into soft materials or surfaces that you want to keep undamaged, consider wiping down the area with acetone to clean and prepare the surface. This will help ensure a neat and precise drilling process.
Step 5: Dealing with Spinning Rivets
If you encounter a rivet that starts to spin inside the hole, there are a few techniques to address it. One method is to access the underside of the rivet and hold it while drilling with a smaller bit. Alternatively, you can use a grinder to grind off the head of the rivet and then punch it through.
Step 6: Drilling Through Different Materials
When drilling through materials such as aluminum and brass, be aware that the drill bit may tend to grab as it breaks through the opposite side. Take extra care and consider using a bit that is slightly larger than the rivet shank to prevent the rivet head from spinning.
By following these steps and adapting them to your specific project, you can effectively drill holes for pop rivets, ensuring a secure and long-lasting fastening. Remember to take your time, measure twice, and drill once for the best results.
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Sealing and gluing
When it comes to sealing and gluing during the process of pop-riveting floor pans, there are a few key considerations and techniques to keep in mind. Firstly, it is important to address the issue of rust. Before any sealing or gluing takes place, it is advisable to remove all traces of old rust to ensure a clean and secure bond.
In terms of specific materials, one popular option is to use a long-life silicone to seal and glue the riveted joints. This helps to prevent moisture penetration and can result in a solid and watertight finish. Another product that can be used is 3M Panel Bond, which is a strong adhesive that can be used in conjunction with steel rivets. This product is often used in body shops and is known for its effectiveness in creating a durable bond.
For those working with steel sheets, it is recommended to use stainless rivets, while for joining an aluminium sheet to a steel sheet, it is advisable to use a rivet made from the metal with the greatest thickness and to include a thin non-conductive barrier, such as paint or butyl. Additionally, when dealing with exposed surfaces, it is worth considering the use of closed-end rivets, which can be sealed more effectively than standard rivets.
To further enhance the seal, it is possible to fill the holes in pop rivet heads with body putty, such as Bondo, or a window sealant for a finished clean surface. This process ensures a smooth and aesthetically pleasing result. It is also suggested to prime the rivets and treat the surrounding metal with alodine to slow down corrosion, especially in environments with high humidity.
While some people opt for welding or screwing floor panels, the use of adhesives and rivets can provide a strong and durable alternative when applied correctly, and it is a method commonly used in the construction of airplanes and cars. However, it is important to note that for load or torsion-bearing parts, welding is often recommended over the use of adhesives.
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Using structural adhesive
When using structural adhesive, it is crucial to follow the specific instructions for that particular adhesive. The parts involved must be properly prepared, and the clamp forces on the panels during the curing process must be set up correctly. It is not a simple process of just applying the adhesive and sticking the parts together.
Additionally, it is important to consider the type of vehicle and the specific application. For example, on a unibody vehicle, the floors are considered structural, and welding is often recommended as the best method for installing floor pans. In some cases, rivets or a combination of rivets and adhesives may be used, but it is crucial to ensure that the chosen method can handle the expected loads and stresses.
If you decide to use structural adhesive, make sure to select a product that is suitable for the specific application and follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Some adhesives may require specific clamp forces during curing, so it is important to read and understand the product specifications before beginning the installation process.
Overall, while structural adhesive can be used for installing floor pans, it requires careful consideration of the application, thorough preparation, and precise adherence to the adhesive's specifications. It may not be the best option for all situations, and welding or riveting may provide stronger and more reliable results in certain cases.
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Frequently asked questions
Pop rivets give you more control over the job as it is much easier to assure the flange and pan are tightly pulled together. If something isn't right, you can simply drill out the rivet and redo it.
Pop rivets are not meant to be used in a structural environment and will loosen over time. Body flex will cause shear stresses that typical pop rivets are not designed to handle.
Some alternatives to using pop rivets on floor pans include welding, using a structural body adhesive, or using construction adhesive and drill screws.
To use pop rivets on floor pans, you should first cut out the old pans and trim the new pans to fit. Drill a series of holes in the new pan and lay it in place, then pop rivet the new pan to the old one. Finally, seal the rivets with a product like Eastwood Brushable Seam Sealer.
It is important to remember that pop rivets are not structural rivets and therefore require about three times the number of rivets to maintain structural integrity. Additionally, it is crucial to cut out the old pans completely and not install the new pans directly over the old ones, as this can cause moisture and dirt to become trapped.
