Tiffany Haney
Installing a one-piece splash pan, also known as a shower pan, is a straightforward process that can be completed in a few steps. It is important to ensure that your shower is water-tight and level, and that the shower pan is the correct size for your space. This guide will cover the process of installing a shower pan, including floor prep, installing a shower base, and compression shower drain assembly.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Installation | Place cardboard or another material into the shower pan base to protect its surface. Screw the shower pan rim into the wall studs using exterior-grade screws through the pre-drilled holes. |
| Drainage | Ensure the shower pan is level before installation for proper drainage. |
| Waterproofing | Apply silicone caulk to the gap where the shower pan meets the drain and around the underside of the drain flange. |
| Materials | Ready-made shower pans are typically made of acrylic, fiberglass, or composites. |
| Tools | Use adjustable pliers, a screwdriver, and a drill for installation. |
| Adhesive | Use a self-leveling compound or adhesive to secure the shower pan to the floor. |
| Testing | Test the shower pan and drain connection for leaks before installing the shower walls. |
| Enclosure | Install a shower curtain, shower doors, or a combination of a bathtub and shower. |
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What You'll Learn
Measure the width and depth of your alcove
To measure the width and depth of your alcove for a one-piece splash pan, follow these steps:
First, it is important to understand that the width of the alcove is the measurement from one side to the other, and the depth is the measurement from the front to the back. Now, clear the alcove of any obstructions and, if necessary, remove any trim or moulding that may interfere with your measurements.
Next, use a tape measure to measure the width of the alcove. Place the end of the tape measure against one sidewall and extend it across to the other sidewall. Record this measurement. It is a good idea to take this measurement at multiple heights along the wall to account for any variations.
Then, measure the depth of the alcove. Start by placing the end of the tape measure on the back wall and extend it outwards towards the front. Record this measurement. Again, you may want to take this measurement at multiple heights to ensure accuracy.
Ensure that you also consider any obstructions within the alcove, such as windows, sockets, or radiators, and account for the required clearance. For example, for electric sockets, allow for a 30mm clearance.
Finally, when measuring for a one-piece splash pan, it is important to note that standard shower pans have a threshold depth of 4 inches, but this can vary from 1 to 6 inches. Also, remember that your measurements do not need to be exact to the millimetre, and a tolerance of up to 20mm is generally acceptable.
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Prepare the floor and mark the subfloor
To prepare the floor and mark the subfloor for a one-piece splash pan, follow these steps:
First, check if the subfloor area is level from left to right and from front to back. If it is not completely flat and level, apply a self-leveling compound, adhering to the manufacturer's instructions. Use a self-leveling compound that is suitable for the substrate you are installing it on, such as OSB, cement board, or plywood. Run the self-leveling compound up to the line you drew on the subfloor, which will be used as a reference point later. If necessary, screw a piece of 1x2 along the line to act as a dam and contain the self-leveling compound within the shower pan area. Allow the compound to cure according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Next, calculate the floor slope by measuring the distance from the drain to the farthest wall. The target slope is 1/4" per foot from the wall to the drain. For example, if the drain is 3 feet from the shower, your high point should be 1.25" above the subfloor. Mark this point and extend it around the entire perimeter of the shower. Set the drain flange 1/2" above the subfloor as a low-point reference for your slope.
Now, dry-fit the shower pan in the opening. Draw a line onto the subfloor along the edge of the shower pan. Drill 3/16-inch holes in the flange at each stud location. Check if the shower drain hole lines up with the existing shower drain. If it does not align, trace the hole location onto the substrate and remove the shower pan. Use a jigsaw or circular saw to cut a hole in the subfloor for the shower drain pipe, typically no larger than 5 inches. Relocate the P-trap for the shower drain and pipe as necessary so that the waste pipe extends approximately 1 3/4 inches above the subfloor.
Finally, if your installation requires adhesive or mortar, follow the manufacturer's instructions for placement. Spread the adhesive or position mounds of mortar on the marks. Place the shower pan onto the adhesive or mortar and press firmly. Adjust the pan until it is level in all directions.
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Install the shower pan rim
Installing a shower pan rim requires careful preparation and measurement to ensure a watertight fit. Here is a step-by-step guide:
Prepare the Area
Before installing the shower pan rim, you must prepare the area. First, ensure the shower walls and floor are clear and clean. This step helps prevent damage during installation. Take measurements of the length and width of the space to determine the size of the shower pan you need. It is crucial to order the shower pan in advance, allowing sufficient time for delivery.
Dry-Fit the Shower Pan
Place the shower pan in the opening to ensure it fits correctly. Check that the edge of the base is level, and the drain holes line up. If adjustments are needed, use shims to level the pan and mark spots on the studs for reference. You can also place pieces of cardboard around the pan and walk on it to test its stability.
Mark the Drain Hole
Remove the shower pan and, using a pencil, mark the outline of the drain hole on the subfloor. Draw a square access slot centred on the drain hole, extending about a foot in both directions. Make marks just outside the cut-out to help relocate the drain.
Cut the Subfloor
Using a circular saw, cut along the access slot, setting the blade depth slightly longer than the subfloor thickness to avoid damaging the joists. Once cut, pry the subfloor section free, creating an opening for the drain.
Insert the Drain Flange
Place the drain flange into the pan, ensuring it sits flush. Apply a sealant under the rim, such as plumber's putty or silicone caulk. Screw the flange onto the pan, wiping away any excess sealant. Finish attaching the drain body with gaskets or washers, following the instructions in your drain-fitting kit.
Secure the Shower Pan Rim
Finally, install the shower pan rim. Screw the rim into the wall studs using exterior-grade screws through the pre-drilled holes. Ensure you use screws of appropriate length, typically 1 1/4-inch or 1 1/2 - 2 inch screws. This step secures the rim of the pan to the wall, completing the installation.
Note: Always refer to the manufacturer's instructions and seek professional help if needed.
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Secure the shower base
To secure the shower base, you must first ensure that the shower floor pan is level in all directions, making adjustments as needed. Place a protective layer, such as cardboard, into the shower pan to protect the surface. Screw the rim in the other wall using 1 1/4-inch exterior-grade screws through the pre-drilled holes. Attach the shower base to the wall studs.
Next, place the rubber drainpipe gasket over the drainpipe coming up through the shower drain flange. Thread the gasket setscrew over the rubber gasket and tighten it with the included tool and a screwdriver until secure. Screw or snap the shower drain screen into place over the flange so that it sits flush with the shower pan base. Allow the thinset mortar or adhesive to dry fully per the manufacturer’s instructions.
Test the pan and shower drain connection for leaks as well as in and around the shower stall. Get an inspection if needed. Once you’ve installed the shower pan and made sure there are no leaks, you’re ready to move on to installing the shower walls.
If your shower pan has an integrated drain, pitch, curb, and splash walls, you may not need to follow all of these steps. For example, the Base'N Bench® shower kit includes a shower pan with an integrated drain, so you may not need to attach a separate drainpipe gasket. Always refer to the manufacturer's instructions for your specific product.
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Test for leaks
Testing for leaks in a one-piece splash pan is a simple process, but it does require some time and specific equipment. Here is a step-by-step guide to testing for leaks:
Step 1: Inspect the Splash Pan
Before conducting a leak test, it is important to inspect the splash pan for any visible signs of damage or instability. Look for any movement, cracking, or unusual sloping in the pan, as these could be indicators of potential leaks. If you notice any issues, make sure to address them before conducting the leak test.
Step 2: Prepare the Test Area
To conduct the leak test, you will need to create a water-tight seal around the drain of the splash pan. This can be done using duct tape, plastic sheeting, or a rubber plug. Make sure that the seal is secure and watertight to ensure accurate test results.
Step 3: Fill the Splash Pan with Water
Once the seal is in place, fill the splash pan with enough water to create about 2 inches of standing water. Mark the water level with a piece of tape or a permanent marker. This will help you determine if the water level changes during the test.
Step 4: Wait and Observe
Leave the water in the splash pan for an extended period, ideally 8 hours or more. After the allotted time, return to the splash pan and carefully observe the water level. If the water level has decreased, it indicates a potential leak in the splash pan.
Step 5: Check for Water Damage
In addition to observing the water level, inspect the area around the splash pan for any signs of water damage or staining. Check the floor, walls, and ceiling in the room directly below the splash pan. The presence of water stains or damage could confirm a leak and help you identify the affected areas.
Step 6: Consult a Professional
If you suspect a leak, it is recommended to consult a professional for further inspection and repair. They will have the experience and equipment to accurately identify and fix the leak. Acting promptly can help prevent further damage and ensure the proper functioning of your splash pan.
Remember, regular inspection and maintenance of your splash pan can help prevent leaks and extend its lifespan. By following these steps, you can effectively test for leaks and take appropriate action to maintain the integrity of your splash pan.
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