Emilie Meyer
Logic Pro X offers three types of panning: stereo pan, balance, and binaural pan. The latter is mostly used for post-production and can be selected by clicking on the Stereo Out button at the bottom of each channel strip. To set up binaural panning for a track, go to the Stereo Out box in the Inspector window and select Binaural Pan instead of Pan or Balance. The Binaural Pan control replaces the Pan knob, and you can drag the puck to make the stereo image wider or narrower. To achieve true stereo panning, you can control-click on the panner in the channel strip while in the mixer.
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What You'll Learn
Stereo panning
To access stereo panning in Logic Pro X, you have a few options. One way is to right-click on the panner above the fader in the mixer window. This will open up a box with three options: "stereo pan", "balance", and "binaural pan". "Stereo pan" is what you're looking for to achieve true stereo panning. This option takes into account both channels of audio on your stereo tracks, allowing you to pan instruments and sounds across the stereo field.
Another way to access stereo panning is by control-clicking on the panner in the channel strip while in the mixer. This will bring up the same three options as mentioned above.
If you're working with a mono track, the pan control is a true pan control, allowing you to place the instrument or sound in the stereo field. However, if you have a stereo track, the panner in Logic Pro X defaults to a balance knob. This means that if you have, for example, a shaker in the left channel and a snare in the right channel, the balance knob will turn one side up while turning the other side down, rather than achieving true stereo panning.
To achieve true stereo panning on a stereo track, you can use the Direction Mixer plugin included in Logic Pro X. The Direction knob within this plugin gives you true stereo panning. Additionally, the Stereo Spread knob allows you to adjust the width of your stereo track, making it tighter or wider as needed.
With the release of Logic Pro X 10.3, a True Stereo pan knob was introduced within a stereo track's Channel Strip. By Control-clicking the Pan knob, you can access three new options: "Balance" (the default), "Stereo Pan", and "Binaural Pan". "Stereo Pan" allows you to intuitively adjust the panning and stereo width of your track using the Pan knob.
It's important to note that to achieve a true stereo effect, there must be a difference between the left and right channels. This can be done by recording multiple takes of the same lines on different tracks and hard panning them left and right, creating a wide and thick stereo image.
Additionally, Logic Pro X offers the Binaural Panner, which provides an immersive three-dimensional listening experience, simulating the audio cues we use to locate sound sources in our surroundings. This feature is particularly useful for headphone playback, creating a more natural soundstage compared to traditional stereo panning.
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Binaural panning
The panning plane can be planar or spherical, and its size can be determined by the user. The Doppler effect, which changes the pitch of a signal as the listener moves relative to the source, can be turned on or off. The Binaural Panner is controlled by positioning panning pucks on the panning plane. The left and right panning pucks can be dragged to make the stereo image wider or narrower, and they also work on a second axis—up and down—relative to a third puck. The Binaural Panner also has additional parameters for headphone playback and Planar mode, which can be accessed by clicking the disclosure triangle.
The output signal from the Binaural Panner is best suited for headphone playback. However, it can also be processed using the Binaural Post-Processing plug-in, which allows for playback through loudspeakers. This plug-in applies diffuse-field compensation to all Binaural Panner outputs, saving CPU power. When using multiple Binaural Panners, it is recommended to route the output to an aux channel strip and insert the Binaural Post-Processing plug-in.
Binaural audio aims to capture the audio cues that humans use to locate sound sources in their environment. This provides a more three-dimensional and immersive listening experience compared to traditional stereo sound. While binaural recording typically involves specialized equipment, Logic Pro X allows users to create binaural mixes without the need for extra gear. This gives users the ability to experiment with diverse audio mixes that engage the listener more effectively.
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Mono tracks
When dealing with mono tracks, panning is more straightforward. You have one audio channel and can position it to the left or right according to your preferences. The Logic pan pot allows you to expand your mix's stereo width and place instruments left to right, or anywhere in between.
To change a track from Stereo to Mono, click on the two-circle icon next to the Input. This will ensure your track is panning correctly. Just make sure your plugins have also been changed from Stereo to Mono.
You can also use Logic's Binaural Panning tool to adjust the position of your mono track beyond just left or right. This tool allows you to move signals right or left, and adjust the distance of your sound source from the listener by moving it closer or further away from the center of the circle. You can also change the elevation level of your audio source by changing the binaural field from Planar to Spherical and moving the puck around.
Additionally, you can use automation techniques on your pan/balance knob to move signals around and create interesting dynamics in your project.
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Stereo tracks
When working with stereo tracks, things can get a little more complicated than with mono tracks. Stereo tracks consist of two separate audio signals, one from the left and one from the right. The differences between these two signals can be subtle or more noticeable, depending on the instrument and recording method. For example, an acoustic guitar or string instrument recorded with two microphones will have more noticeable differences between the left and right audio strips.
To pan audio on stereo tracks in Logic Pro X, you have two options: using the inspector menu or the mixer. To access the true stereo panning feature, you need to control-click on the stereo track's pan/balance knob, either from the inspector menu or the mixer. This will open up a box with three options: "Balance," "Stereo Pan," and "Binaural Pan."
The "Balance" knob is Logic's default setting for stereo tracks. When you turn the knob to the left, you are muting the right side, not panning both sides to the left. This can be undesirable as it reduces the volume coming from the right channel, resulting in a loss of sonic information from that side.
The "Stereo Pan" option allows you to truly pan your stereo tracks. When you use this setting, you are summing both signals to the left or right. Keep in mind that when you send both channels to one side, your track will get louder, so you may need to adjust the gain levels to avoid clipping.
The "Binaural Pan" tool in Logic Pro X provides an immersive listening experience by capturing the audio cues that help us locate sound sources in the space around us. This results in a more three-dimensional sound when using headphones. However, binaural processing does not translate correctly to loudspeaker listening.
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Automation
To automate bipedal panning, you can utilise the Binaural Panner. The Binaural Pan control replaces the traditional Pan knob and offers a more immersive panning experience. By adjusting the left, right, and direction pucks, you can position the signals in a stereo image, creating a wider or narrower sound field. The Binaural Panner also provides additional parameters such as Angle, Elevation, Distance, and Spread, which dynamically adjust based on puck positions.
When automating in Logic Pro X, you can choose between Track Automation and Region Automation. Track Automation applies changes to the entire length of a track, making it ideal for overarching adjustments like volume fades or pan sweeps. On the other hand, Region Automation is linked to specific audio or MIDI regions, allowing for targeted effects or changes within particular sections of a track.
Additionally, Looping Automation can be used to create repeating effects or dynamics changes without manual duplication. This feature enhances the complexity and texture of your songs. To enable looping, select the desired region, check the "Loop" box, adjust the loop length, and fine-tune the start and end points for seamless transitions.
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Frequently asked questions
Logic Pro X offers three types of panning: stereo pan, balance, and binaural pan.
The balance is Logic's default panning option and is used for mono tracks with a single audio signal. Stereo pan, on the other hand, takes into account both channels of audio on stereo tracks.
Binaural panning synthesises filtering, delay time, and head-masking effects to create a more three-dimensional and immersive listening experience. To set it up, go to the Stereo Out box in the Inspector window and select Binaural Pan.
To achieve true stereo panning, you need to control-click on the panner in the channel strip while in the mixer. This will allow you to pan everything left and right, creating a focused stereo image.
To pan a single note, you may need to create another track and pan that separately. Alternatively, you can turn on automation by pressing 'A' and then selecting 'Pan' on the track to automate the parts of the track you want to pan differently.
