Ella Walter
The Quanum Servo-based Pan-Tilt is a universal pan and tilt mount designed for use with a standard-size FPV camera. It is an excellent addition to your head-tracking FPV equipment. The resolution refers to the steps or 'stops' as the servo moves. The more steps, the smoother the pan and tilt movement. The setup of your pan and tilt will depend on the throws and how your pushrods are attached to your servos.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Power source | Arduino cable, USB cable, or I/O connector |
| USB cable | The official Pixy cable is recommended due to its current-carrying ability |
| Servo movement | The pan axis should move freely and smoothly |
| Servo testing | Test the tilt axis by moving the servo horn |
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What You'll Learn
Check the pan axis
To check the pan axis of the fpixy cam pan tilt servo, first unplug the Pixy cam from power/USB. Next, gently move the pan axis back and forth over its entire range of motion. The pan axis should move fairly easily and smoothly. If it doesn't move smoothly, the issue could be that the Pixy cam is not getting enough power. This can happen if the Pixy cam is powered through the Arduino cable or an I/O connector instead of a USB cable. USB cables are generally a good way to power Pixy cams because they eliminate the need to worry about batteries, but some USB cables may not deliver enough voltage. If you are using a hub, this may also result in not enough power reaching the servos.
If the pan axis moves freely with the pan servo plugged in, check if the tilt servo is plugged into the pan connector, and vice versa.
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Test the tilt axis
To test the tilt axis of the fpixy cam pan tilt servo, you must first unplug the Pixy from power/USB. Once it is unplugged, you can then proceed to test the tilt axis by moving the servo horn back and forth. Do not move the Pixy itself.
If the pan axis moves freely with the pan servo plugged in, you may have the tilt servo plugged into the pan connector, or vice versa. In this case, you should try powering the servos over USB, as this will ensure that you don't need to worry about batteries. However, it is important to note that not all USB cables are created equal, and some may not be able to provide enough voltage to the servos. The USB cable that came with your Pixy is recommended, as it has a good current-carrying ability.
If you are powering Pixy through an Arduino cable or the I/O connector, the servos are likely not getting enough power. Using a hub to power the servos is also not recommended, as it will likely not provide enough power.
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Powering Pixy
The Pixy2 camera has a variety of connections that can be used to connect it to a power source. The simplest way to power the Pixy2 is through the USB cable/connector or the Arduino cable (I/O connector). The device uses a 5-volt power supply that can be derived from the USB connection. It can also be powered by a regulated voltage source of 5 volts or an unregulated source of 6 to 10 volts. The I/O connector is marked “J2” on Pixy2's PCB. Pin 2 of the I/O connector can accept 5V for powering Pixy2. Pin 10 of the I/O connector (Vin) is reverse-polarity protected, so there is no risk of damage if the power is connected backwards.
It is also possible to power small RC servos through the USB cable, such as those in the pan-tilt mechanism, as long as the cable is kept short (less than 4ft). The USB cable that came with the Pixy2 is recommended for this purpose.
The Pixy2 can also be powered through the Arduino cable, by hooking up the cable so that the Arduino is powering Pixy2, assuming the Arduino is suitably powered. Alternatively, you can make your own I/O cable for Pixy2 communication/power, but be careful as Pin 2 and the ground pin (Pin 6) are not reverse-polarity protected.
The Pixy2 can be trained in a stand-alone mode without being connected to any computer or microcontroller. To do this, simply provide a source of power for the camera and use the push-button on the top of the Pixy2 along with the RGB LED to train the device.
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Using a web interface to control the camera
The ESP32-CAM is a development board with a built-in camera capable of taking high-quality still images and videos. It can be interfaced with a variety of sensors and peripherals to create a powerful camera system. The ESP32-CAM development board can be used to control two servos that act as a pan-tilt mechanism for the camera.
To use a web interface to control the camera, you can follow these steps:
First, you need to write the code to control the servos using the Arduino IDE. For this, you can use the SG90 servos, which have a minimum pulse width of 500 microseconds and a maximum pulse width of 2500 microseconds. The range for each servo will be from 0 degrees to 180 degrees.
Next, connect the servo motor pins with the ESP32 pins as per the schematic diagram. You can use a mini breadboard or build a mini stripboard with header pins to connect the power, ESP32-CAM, and motors.
After assembling the pan and tilt stand, connect the servo motors to the ESP32-CAM. Apply power to your board and open a browser to type in the ESP32-CAM IP address. A web page with real-time video streaming should load, and you can click the buttons to move the camera up, down, left, or right.
You can also use a Raspberry Pi to control the camera position through the internet. You will need to enable the Camera Interface on your Pi and use a tool like Flask to stream video. You can then install a Pan/Tilt mechanism to position the camera remotely by connecting the servos to an external 5V supply and connecting their data pins to the Raspberry Pi GPIO.
By following these steps, you can effectively use a web interface to control the FPixy Cam pan-tilt servo, allowing you to monitor and adjust the camera's position remotely.
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Choosing the right servo for the job
The speed and torque requirements are key factors in choosing the right servo. The relationship between speed and torque is essential, as higher speeds typically require lower torque, and vice versa. The weight of the payload and the distance and speed of the cycle should also be considered. Additionally, the duty cycle, which includes factors such as rest and cooling between movements, plays a role in determining the right servo.
The voltage is another important consideration. Servos are available in different voltage options, such as 100 VAC, 200 VAC, and 400 VAC, and are compatible with single-phase or three-phase power. It's crucial to select a servo that matches the available power for your equipment.
The type of motor is also a factor in choosing the right servo. Servo motors can use either AC or DC current, and the speed is determined by the voltage frequency or voltage level, respectively. Brushless motors tend to be more reliable, efficient, and quieter than brushed motors, and they exclusively use electricity. Additionally, the number of magnetic poles impacts the characteristics of the motor, with a lower pole count resulting in higher speed but lower torque.
The environment and application also play a role in servo selection. For instance, if your equipment operates in wet conditions, choosing a waterproof servo is essential. Other factors to consider include the gearing, accuracy, and flexibility offered by different servo systems.
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Frequently asked questions
The FPixy Cam Pan Tilt Servo is a universal pan and tilt mount that was primarily designed for use with a standard-size FPV camera, like the Turnigy HS1177, Runcam/Foxeer FPV cameras. It can also be used to create a security camera, a robotic eye, or anything else you can think of.
The FPixy Cam Pan Tilt Servo can be tested by connecting the servos to an external 5V supply and connecting their data pin to Raspberry Pi GPIO. You can also test the servos inside a Virtual Python Environment. Additionally, you can power the servos from the 5V pin of the microcontroller.
The pan-tilt can rotate around 180 degrees from side to side and can tilt up and downwards near 150 degrees. It comes fully assembled with two Micro Servos (SG-90 type) and a 38mm x 36mm space to mount a camera.
