High-Heat Cooking: Are Non-Stick Pans Safe?

Non-stick pans are a handy tool for any cook, but they do have their limitations. Notably, they are not designed for high-heat cooking, and doing so can damage the coating and release harmful toxins. So, if you're looking to sear a steak or cook something that requires a high temperature, it's best to reach for a stainless steel or cast-iron pan. Non-stick pans are perfect for low to medium-heat cooking, such as eggs, fish, and veggies. They are also finicky and require careful cleaning and the use of non-metal utensils to preserve the coating.

Non-stick pans are not suitable for high heat

Non-stick pans are coated with a special substance that prevents food from sticking to the metal. This coating is made from a gas that is frozen and then compressed into a waxy substance. When exposed to high temperatures, this coating will begin to flake and break down.

Using a non-stick pan at high heat will cause the coating to degrade and release fluorocarbons into the air. These polymers are common in household products, but inhaling them is linked to respiratory illness.

To prolong the life of your non-stick pan, it is recommended to only use it for cooking at low or medium heat. For cooking at high heat, it is better to use a stainless steel or cast-iron pan.

In addition to avoiding high heat, there are other ways to care for your non-stick pan. It is best to wash non-stick pans by hand with a non-abrasive sponge and avoid using metal utensils or steel wool, as these can scratch and damage the coating.

Non-stick pans are convenient and useful tools for cooking certain types of food. However, it is important to follow these guidelines to ensure their longevity and avoid any potential health risks associated with overheating the pan.

High heat can ruin the non-stick coating

The threshold for this kind of degradation is around 400-500°Fahrenheit/260°Celsius. A single session at this temperature is enough to ruin any PTFE-based non-stick pan, regardless of price or quality.

Therefore, it is recommended that you cook over low to medium heat with non-stick cookware. When you need to cook over high heat, reach for a stainless steel or cast-iron pan instead.

Non-stick pans are perfect for eggs and fish

Non-stick pans are perfect for cooking eggs and fish. Their non-stick coating ensures that food doesn't stick to the pan's surface, making it easy to flip and maneuver food without it breaking. This is especially useful when cooking delicate foods such as eggs and fish fillets.

Non-stick pans are also ideal for achieving a golden-brown colour on pancakes and an even layer of curds when making omelettes. The non-stick coating allows you to use less oil, which is beneficial if you're aiming to reduce your fat intake.

When purchasing a non-stick pan, it's important to consider the type of non-stick coating, heat distribution, weight, balance, and comfort. Some non-stick coatings are more durable than others, so it's worth checking reviews and warranties to gauge a pan's expected lifespan. Cast aluminium pans are a good option for even heat distribution, and flared or wide-angled sides make flipping food easier. Additionally, a comfortable-to-hold handle and balanced weight distribution can help reduce hand and arm fatigue when cooking.

• Tramontina Professional 10-Inch Restaurant Fry Pan: This pan has excellent heat distribution, a slick non-stick coating, and a comfortable handle. It's affordable and available in various sizes.
• Made In 10-Inch Non-Stick Frying Pan: This pan offers consistent cooking, a non-stick surface, and compatibility with all stove types, including induction. It's oven-safe up to 500 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Anolon Advanced Nonstick 10-Inch Skillet: This pan has an extremely non-stick surface, is oven-safe, and suitable for all stovetops except induction. It has a secure rubber handle and is easy to clean.
• GreenPan GP5 Infinite8 Ceramic Nonstick 10-Inch Frypan: This pan features a nontoxic ceramic surface and is compatible with all cooktops, including induction. It produces crispy skin on salmon fillets, evenly browned pancakes, and a well-cooked frittata.
• Le Creuset Toughened Nonstick Fry Pan: This pan has an extremely non-stick surface and is oven-safe up to 500 degrees Fahrenheit. It has an ergonomic, hollow handle that stays cool during cooking.

Non-stick pans are not the most beloved pieces of cookware

Non-stick pans are made with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), better known as Teflon. Since 2006, certain known toxins found in Teflon, including two types of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances)—PFOA and PFOS—have been phased out of the manufacturing process. Most non-stick cookware sold in the United States today is PFOA- and PFOS-free. However, there are still concerns about the use of PFAS in general, as these chemicals are linked to various health issues and are slow to break down in the environment.

Another issue with non-stick pans is that they require special care to maintain their non-stick properties. They should not be washed in the dishwasher, as the harsh soaps and high temperatures can damage the coating. They should also not be used with metal utensils or non-stick cooking spray, as these can scratch and build up on the surface, respectively.

Despite these concerns, non-stick pans can be a convenient and affordable option for cooks who want to avoid using large amounts of oil or butter. When purchasing a non-stick pan, look for one with even heat distribution, a comfortable handle, and a flared lip for easy flipping. Some higher-end options even offer oven-safe use and compatibility with induction cooktops.

Overall, while non-stick pans may not be the most beloved due to their drawbacks and controversies, they can still be a useful tool in the kitchen when used and cared for properly.

Non-stick pans require careful cleaning

Non-stick pans are convenient for cooking and cleaning, but they require careful maintenance to prevent their surface from scratching, peeling, or warping. Here are some tips to ensure your non-stick pans remain in good condition:

Cleaning and Maintenance:

• Always hand-wash non-stick pans instead of putting them in the dishwasher, even if they are labelled dishwasher-safe. The high temperatures and harsh detergents in dishwashers can break down the non-stick surface.
• Clean non-stick pans immediately after use. Most debris will rinse off easily if you don't let it sit for too long.
• Use mild dish soap, warm water, and a soft cloth or sponge to gently scrub the pan. Avoid using abrasive tools like steel wool, scouring pads, or stiff brushes, as they can damage the non-stick surface.
• For stubborn residue, soak the pan in warm, soapy water for a few hours before gently scrubbing it clean.
• To remove burnt-on food or grease, create a paste with baking soda and water. Apply it to the pan and lightly scrub with a non-abrasive sponge. Then, rinse, dry, and re-season the pan with a light coating of cooking oil.
• Avoid using non-stick cooking spray, as it can create a residue that builds up over time and damages the non-stick surface. Instead, use oils or butter to prevent food from sticking.
• Always wait for the pan to cool down before washing it to avoid warping.
• Dry the pan thoroughly after washing and consider placing a pan protector or a cloth over the surface during storage to prevent scratches.

Cooking Tips:

• Avoid using high heat when cooking with non-stick pans. Stick to low or medium heat to maintain the non-stick surface and prevent the coating from breaking down.
• Preheat the pan over low or medium heat, then add oil or butter and distribute it evenly before adding food.
• Use wooden or silicone utensils instead of metal utensils to avoid scratching or chipping the non-stick coating.
• Always have oil, water, or food in the pan before turning on the burner to protect the non-stick coating and help regulate temperature.

By following these tips, you can extend the lifespan of your non-stick pans and ensure they remain in optimal condition for cooking and easy cleanup.

Frequently asked questions