Panning For Gold In Idaho: What You Need

Idaho has a rich history of gold prospecting, dating back to the 1850s. With its diverse landscape and abundance of natural resources, Idaho offers a wide variety of places for adventurous gold seekers. If you're looking to try your hand at gold panning in Idaho, there are a few essential things you need to know, from understanding the laws and regulations to gathering the right equipment.

Gold panning equipment

Gold panning in Idaho requires a variety of equipment, depending on the level of investment and seriousness of the prospector.

The most basic equipment for gold panning is a gold pan, a shovel, and a vial to keep any gold flakes found. A gold pan is a wide, usually green, pan with deep riffles to maximise the ability to capture gold flakes. A shovel is required to dig up the material that will be placed in the pan.

However, there are several other items that can make gold panning easier and more successful. A classifier is a screen used to separate large stones from the material that is being panned. A sniffer or snuffer bottle is a small suction device that can be used to pick up tiny pieces of gold. A sluice box is another way to process material that may contain gold. Gloves are also recommended, with fabric gloves with rubber coatings or waterproof dishwashing gloves being suitable choices. Polarized sunglasses are also a good idea to protect the eyes and reduce glare.

For those looking to invest more heavily in their gold panning, a metal detector can be used to find gold deposits. A rock hammer can be used to break up rocks, and a strong back is recommended as gold prospecting is hard work.

For those using motorized equipment, there are specific rules in Idaho that must be followed. For example, a suction dredge must have a nozzle diameter of 5 inches or less and be rated at no more than 15 horsepower.

Gold panning laws

Idaho has a rich history of gold prospecting, and gold panning can be a great family activity. Most of the land in Idaho is public land, so anyone can try their hand at gold panning without needing a license. However, there are some important laws and regulations to keep in mind.

Firstly, it is important to determine who owns the land you plan to pan on. Two-thirds of Idaho's rivers are owned and controlled by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and for the most part, anything under the BLM's control is safe for panning. However, you should always check the official BLM website for a list of active mining claims to avoid unknowingly panning on someone else's claim. Additionally, if the area has posted signs indicating a mining claim or if it is on private property, you should not pan there without permission.

If you intend to use a suction dredge or other motorized equipment, you will need to apply for a recreational mining permit from the Idaho Department of Water Resources. This is because the alteration of stream channels using small-scale mining equipment is regulated by the Stream Channel Protection Act. The Act specifies that a permit is required before altering any portion of the stream bed and also outlines size and capability requirements for mining equipment. For example, a suction dredge must have a nozzle diameter of 5 inches or less and be rated at no more than 15 horsepower. It is a misdemeanor in Idaho to alter a stream channel without a permit or to violate the conditions of the permit, with fines ranging from $150 to $500 per day for violations.

It is also important to note that a permit from the Idaho Department of Water Resources does not grant access to private lands or another person's mining claim or lease. Mineral removal from streams on private lands requires permission or a mineral lease from the owner.

Additionally, there are certain areas where gold panning is prohibited, such as the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area along the Snake River.

Before heading out to pan for gold in Idaho, it is important to familiarize yourself with all applicable laws and regulations, including those specific to the area you plan to pan in.

Best places to pan for gold in Idaho

Idaho has a rich history of gold prospecting, with records showing that panning began in the 1850s. The first major discovery of gold in the state came in 1862 with the Boise Basin gold strike, prompting the establishment of mining towns such as Pioneerville, Placerville, and Idaho City. Although prospecting in Idaho has decreased since the 19th century, there is still a lot of gold to be found in the state. Here are some of the best places to pan for gold in Idaho:

Clearwater River

The Clearwater River runs through the city of Pierce in Clearwater County, where the first gold discovery in Idaho was made in 1860 by Elias D. Pierce and Wilbur F. Bassett at Orofino Creek, a tributary of the river. The Clearwater River has remained a popular spot for gold prospecting for over 150 years, with prospectors continuing to pan its waters, particularly the South Fork, which frequently yields placer gold. The American River and Red River, tributaries of the Clearwater River, are also good spots for gold panning, as they receive gold from Elk City's hard rock mines.

Salmon River

The Salmon River, which runs through the cities of Salmon and Challis, has been a site for large-scale dredging operations and is also a favourite among recreational panners. While gold can be found along most stretches and tributaries of the river, certain sections are closed to the public due to challenging waters. Novices are advised to seek calmer rivers for prospecting.

Boise River

The Boise River played a crucial role in Idaho's expansion in the 19th century, with its gold content leading to the establishment of mining towns along its shores, such as Atlanta. Significant amounts of placer gold have been extracted from the Boise River, and lode gold has also been discovered in the surrounding areas.

Snake River

The Snake River, particularly the area around American Falls, is believed to contain a significant amount of gold. While most portions of the river in Idaho are approved for prospecting, it is prohibited in the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area.

Payette River

While the Payette River may not be as productive as other gold-bearing rivers in Idaho, it can still be rewarding for those who know where to look. The South Fork of the Payette River is relatively untouched due to its challenging waters, but it likely holds undiscovered placer gold. Prospectors with experience in navigating rough waters may find success in this area.

It is important to note that while Idaho does not require a license for gold panning, a recreational mining permit is necessary if you plan to use motorized equipment such as suction dredges. Additionally, always ensure that you have permission to access the land and are not trespassing on private property or active mining claims.

Gold panning tips

Gold panning is a fun outdoor activity that can be enjoyed by people of all ages. If you're looking to try your hand at gold panning in Idaho, here are some tips to help you get started:

• Equipment – The basic equipment you will need includes a gold pan, a shovel, a classifier (screen), gloves, and a vial to store any gold flakes you find. You may also want to consider investing in additional tools like a sluice box, sniffer/snuffer bottle, tweezers, or a metal detector to increase your chances of finding gold.
• Where to Go – Idaho has a rich history of gold mining, and there are still many places where you can pan for gold. The Boise Basin is a popular spot, as it has a high concentration of gold flakes. Other rivers and creeks worth trying include the Clearwater River, the Snake River, the Salmon River, the Payette River, and the Coeur d'Alene River, along with their tributaries.
• Research and Permissions – Before heading out, do your research to identify areas where gold deposits have been found previously. Familiarize yourself with the laws and regulations regarding gold panning in Idaho, especially if you plan to pan on private property. Most of Idaho is public land, which does not require a permit for panning. However, if you intend to use motorized equipment, you will need to obtain a recreational mining permit from the Department of Water Resources.
• Techniques – Gold panning requires persistence and attention to detail. Take your time when panning and thoroughly examine each scoop of material for any signs of gold. Look for inside corners of streams and rivers, where gold is more likely to drop due to slower-moving water.
• Safety – Always prioritize safety when gold panning, especially when working near water or in rugged terrain. Wear appropriate clothing, including protective gear, and bring essential supplies like a first aid kit, water, and food.
• Respect the Environment – Remember to leave the area as pristine as you found it. Follow any regulations specific to the location and minimize disturbances to plants and wildlife. Properly dispose of waste materials and respect private property boundaries.

Private vs public gold panning

Idaho has a rich history of gold mining and is known as the "Gem State". Gold panning can be a great family activity and a thrilling outdoor activity for both seasoned prospectors and beginners.

Gold panning in Idaho can be done on both private and public land, and each has its own set of advantages and requirements.

Public Gold Panning:

• Most of Idaho is public land, with over two-thirds of the rivers and streams managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Forest Service.
• Idaho recognizes the importance of recreational mining and generally allows gold panning on public lands without a permit.
• However, certain conditions must be met. For example, motorized equipment is usually not permitted for recreational gold panning on public lands.
• Popular public areas for gold panning include the South Fork Clearwater River near Elk City and the Pierce Recreation Site.
• Public gold panning spots are great for beginners or those on a budget.

Private Gold Panning:

• Private gold panning sites typically require a fee or membership and offer exclusive access to richer gold deposits.
• These sites often provide amenities such as equipment rental and guided tours.
• Well-known private sites include Thunder Mountain Mining Company near Boise and Gold Rush Adventures in Placerville.
• Private sites are ideal for those seeking a more immersive and productive gold panning experience.

Regardless of the location, it is important to familiarize yourself with the laws and regulations governing gold panning in Idaho and to obtain any necessary permits. Always respect the environment and private property boundaries, and leave the area as pristine as you found it.

Frequently asked questions