The Art Of Baking With Cast Iron: A Guide To Perfect Pan-Baked Goods

Cast iron pans are a versatile kitchen tool that can be used for cooking and baking. They are durable and efficient, but they require proper care and maintenance to keep them in good condition. One important aspect of cast iron pan care is seasoning, which involves creating a protective layer on the pan's surface to enhance its non-stick properties and prevent rusting. This process involves scrubbing the pan, applying oil or fat, and then baking it in the oven at a high temperature. By following these steps, cast iron pans can be restored and maintained for optimal cooking performance.

Baking a Cast Iron Pan

How to season a cast iron pan

Seasoning a cast iron pan is a simple process that will ensure your cookware lasts for generations. Seasoning creates a protective layer of carbonized oil baked into the surface of the pan, which prevents rust and helps food from sticking.

Step 1: Wash and Dry

Start by giving your pan a good scrub with warm, soapy water. This will ensure that any residue or impurities from the manufacturing process or transportation are removed. Dry the pan thoroughly with a towel. You can also place the pan on a stovetop flame for a minute or two to drive off any lingering moisture.

Step 2: Apply Oil

Using a silicone pastry brush, lint-free cloth, or paper towel, spread a thin, even layer of cooking oil over the entire surface of the pan, inside and out. Vegetable oil, melted shortening, or canola oil are recommended due to their high smoke point, affordability, and effectiveness. Avoid using too much oil, as this can make your pan sticky.

Step 3: Heat in the Oven

Place the oiled pan upside down on the middle rack of a cold oven. Put a large baking sheet or a piece of aluminum foil on the lower rack to catch any drips. Preheat the oven to between 350-500 degrees Fahrenheit (176-260 degrees Celsius). Leave the pan in the oven for about an hour. It may get a little smoky, so ensure your kitchen is well-ventilated.

Step 4: Cool and Repeat

After an hour, turn off the oven and let the pan cool down completely inside. If your pan didn't come pre-seasoned, you may need to repeat the process three to four more times to build up a good layer of seasoning before using it for cooking.

Maintenance:

Once your pan is well-seasoned, maintenance is easy. Each time you cook with oil, you will be adding to the seasoning layer. Simply use your pan regularly, and each time you add a layer of fat or oil, you enhance the seasoning. You can also rub a little oil into your pan after each use to maintain the seasoning.

If you need to remove some of the seasoning, such as after cooking acidic foods or using high heat, simply repeat the seasoning process as needed.

How to clean a cast iron pan

Cast iron skillets are incredibly versatile and durable, but they do require some care to keep them in good condition. Here is a detailed guide on how to clean and maintain your cast iron pan:

Cleaning:

Before seasoning your cast iron pan, it is important to clean it thoroughly. Use warm or hot soapy water and a stiff brush or plastic scrubber to remove any food residue. You can also use coarse kosher salt as a scrubbing agent for stubborn stains. Make sure to dry the pan thoroughly after washing—you can place it on a stovetop flame for a few minutes to ensure it is completely dry. Do not leave the pan to soak in water, as this can cause rusting.

Seasoning:

Seasoning your cast iron pan will create a protective layer that prevents rust and helps food from sticking. There are two main ways to season your pan:

• Using Oil: Spread a thin layer of cooking oil, such as vegetable oil, canola oil, or melted shortening, on the inside and outside of the pan. You can use a silicone pastry brush, lint-free cloth, or paper towel for this. Make sure to buff the oil so that the pan doesn't look greasy. Then, place the pan upside down on the middle rack of a cold oven and put foil on a lower rack to catch any drips. Preheat the oven to between 350-500 degrees Fahrenheit (depending on the oil used) and bake for about an hour. Allow the pan to cool completely in the oven.
• Baking: Place the pan upside down on the middle rack of the oven and set the temperature to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. Bake for an hour and let it cool in the oven.

Repeat the seasoning process whenever you notice the protective layer has been removed, such as when food starts to stick to the pan or if rust appears. It is recommended to season your cast iron pan two to three times a year as regular maintenance.

Other Care Tips:

• Always dry your cast iron pan completely after washing, and lightly coat the surface with vegetable oil before storing.
• Do not soak the pan in water or put it in the dishwasher.
• Avoid using metal scouring pads, as they can scratch and damage the pan.
• Be careful when cooking acidic foods, as they can break down the seasoning.
• If your pan needs extra cleaning, you can use a small amount of soap on a sponge, but avoid metal scouring pads.

By following these steps, you can keep your cast iron pan in great condition for years to come.

What foods to cook in a cast iron pan

Cast-iron pans are incredibly versatile and can be used to cook a wide variety of dishes. Here are some ideas for foods that are particularly well-suited to being cooked in a cast-iron pan:

Breakfast and Brunch

Breakfast and brunch dishes are a great way to make use of your cast-iron pan. The even heat distribution and retention of cast iron make it ideal for cooking eggs, such as fried eggs, omelettes, or frittatas. You can also use your cast-iron pan to make pancakes, French toast, or even to bake breakfast breads and pastries like cornbread, focaccia, or biscuits. Hash browns and latkes are also excellent choices, as the crispy, golden crust that cast iron provides is perfect for these potato dishes.

Meats and Proteins

Cast-iron pans are renowned for their ability to handle high temperatures, making them ideal for searing meats such as steak, chicken, and pork chops. The even heat distribution ensures a nice, even sear on your meat. You can also use your cast-iron pan to cook ground beef or chicken, or to make sausage. For a real treat, try making bacon in your cast-iron pan – the high heat will make it nice and crispy! Just remember to start with a cold pan to avoid the meat seizing up.

Vegetables and Sides

Cast-iron pans are also excellent for cooking vegetables, especially when you want a nice char or crust. Roasted Brussels sprouts, blistered Padrón peppers, and caramelized onions are all delicious options. You can also use your cast-iron pan to make hash, roasted potatoes, or even grilled cheese sandwiches.

One-Dish Meals

The ability of cast-iron pans to go from stovetop to oven makes them perfect for one-dish meals. Try making a chicken pot pie, lasagna, tamale pie, or a hearty stew. You can also use your cast-iron pan to make pizza – the thick, puffy crust that results from cooking it in cast iron can stand up to lots of toppings!

Desserts

While cast-iron pans are often associated with savoury dishes, they can also be used to create delicious desserts. Cookie cakes, brownies, and cobblers are all great options, as the cast-iron pan will give them a crispy crust. You can also use your cast-iron pan to make fruit crumbles, pies, or even a simple skillet cake.

What foods not to cook in a cast iron pan

Cast iron skillets are incredibly versatile and durable, but there are some foods that you should avoid cooking in them. Here are some foods that are not suitable for cast iron pans:

Acidic Foods

Acidic foods, such as tomatoes, lemon, and vinegar, can react with the cast iron and cause it to leach into the food. This can give your meal an unpleasant metallic taste and may even be harmful to your health. Additionally, acidic foods can break down the seasoning on your pan, damaging its non-stick properties. However, some sources suggest that this is a myth, and while it may discolour your pan, a baking soda scrub can fix this.

Delicate Fish

Thin or delicate fish fillets, such as tilapia and trout, are not suitable for cast iron pans. The high heat retention of cast iron can cook these delicate fish too quickly, and the skin may stick to the pan. Instead, use a non-stick pan or oven for these types of fish. Meaty fish, such as salmon and tuna, can withstand the heat of a cast iron pan and are suitable for cooking.

Sticky Foods

Sticky foods, such as eggs, can be problematic in a new cast iron pan, even if it is seasoned. The eggs may stick to the pan and become brown and gunky. It is best to use a regular non-stick pan for these types of foods until your cast iron pan is well-seasoned.

Stinky Foods

Some foods, such as garlic, peppers, certain fish, and strong cheeses, can leave strong aromatic memories in your cast iron pan. These lingering aromas can be transferred to the next few dishes you cook, which may not be desirable. While you can remove the smell by heating the pan in the oven, it is best to avoid cooking foods that would be ruined by these aromas.

Foods Requiring a Lid

While you can cook grains like rice in a cast iron skillet, it is not ideal due to its shallow depth and lack of a lid. It is better to use a regular pot for cooking rice and other foods that require a lid.

Foods That Stick

When your cast iron pan is new and not yet well-seasoned, foods like pancakes, fried rice, and omelettes may stick to the surface. This can make them difficult to remove from the pan and can also make cleaning more challenging. It is recommended to wait until your pan is properly seasoned before cooking these types of foods.

How to restore a rusty cast iron pan

Cast iron pans are a home chef's best friend. They are hard-wearing, versatile, and can be used anywhere from ovens to grills and even on an open flame. Plus, cast iron pans only get better with age. However, they are susceptible to rust. If your cast iron pan has started to rust, don't panic! Here is a detailed, step-by-step guide on how to restore it to its former glory:

Step 1: Remove the Rust

Use fine steel wool, a scouring pad, or a scrub brush to scour the rusty sections of the pan until the area returns to raw cast iron. If the rusting is minor, a salt scrub or a tough sponge may be enough to remove it. If your pan has severe rust, you may need to take it to a machine shop to have it sandblasted and restored to raw cast iron.

Step 2: Wash the Pan

Wash the pan with warm water and mild dish soap. Use a bristle brush, gentle scouring pad, or mesh sponge if needed. Make sure to remove all traces of soap and rinse the pan thoroughly.

Step 3: Dry the Pan

Use a clean dish towel or paper towels to dry the pan immediately after washing. You can also place the pan on the stovetop on low heat for a few minutes to ensure it is completely dry.

Step 4: Apply Oil

Add a thin layer of cooking oil, such as vegetable oil, to the entire surface of the pan, including the bottom and handle. Be sure to use only a small amount to avoid a sticky surface.

Step 5: Place the Pan in the Oven

Place a sheet of aluminum foil or a foil-lined baking sheet on the bottom rack of the oven to catch any oil drips. Then, place the cast iron pan upside down on the top rack of the oven. Heat the cast iron for about an hour at a temperature between 350°F and 500°F.

Step 6: Let the Pan Cool

Turn off the heat and let the cast iron pan cool down completely before using it again.

Tips for Preventing Rust:

• Never soak the pan in water.
• Don't let the pan air-dry. Wipe off excess water with a towel and place it on the burner to remove extra moisture.
• Lightly oil the pan after use. Rub the pan with a thin layer of vegetable oil before storing.
• Avoid certain foods, such as acidic ingredients like tomatoes or vinegar, as they can eat into the seasoning and lead to rust.
• Use the pan often. Cast iron skillets are prone to rust if they haven't been used for a long time.

Frequently asked questions