Cody Casey
There are several methods for kashering a pan, depending on its material and intended use. For metal pans used for baking, libun gamur is required, which involves heating the pan over an open flame until it is red hot (approximately 850°F). This method can damage certain types of pans, such as those made from aluminium, so it is common to purchase new baking pans instead. Alternatively, some more lenient rulings suggest that placing the pan in an oven set to the highest temperature for an hour or during the self-cleaning cycle may be sufficient. Glass baking pans only need to be washed according to Conservative halakhah (Jewish law), but Orthodox rulings state that they cannot be kashered and must be replaced. For pots and pans used on a cooktop to heat liquid foods, hag'alah (boiling) can be used. Frying pans that have been used with oil should be kashered using libun kal, which involves heating the pan on a burner set to high heat until a piece of paper touching the pan begins to singe.
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What You'll Learn
- Frying pans: heat on a burner until paper touching the pan singes
- Metal baking pans: heat over an open flame until red hot
- Boiling water: submerge the pan in a pot of boiling water
- Ovens: heat to a high temperature, clean, then kasher a metal pan inside
- Stovetops: use libun kal, a specialised form of kashering
Frying pans: heat on a burner until paper touching the pan singes
Frying pans that have been used with oil should be kashered by libun kal, which means "simple purification" in Hebrew. To do this, heat the frying pan on a burner set to high heat. You'll know the pan has reached the right temperature when a piece of paper touching the pan gets singed.
Do not attempt this method with Teflon pans, as they will be ruined by the high heat. According to Orthodox rulings, Teflon pans cannot be kashered, although Conservative rulings disagree. If the surface of a Teflon pan is scratched, the pan should be replaced.
If you are kashering a frying pan that has not been used with oil, you can use the hag'alah method. First, clean the pan and wait 24 hours. Then, heat a pot of boiling water. If the frying pan is too big to submerge completely in the pot, use tongs to hold one side of the pan and submerge it partially for about 30 seconds. Turn the pan and continue submerging it in different spots until the whole pan has been submerged. If the frying pan is too big to fit in the pot, fill the pan to the top with water and bring it to a boil. Heat a large stone or brick over another burner, then drop it into the boiling water in the pan. This will cause the water to spill over the sides, covering the outside of the pan with boiling water.
For metal baking pans, you will likely need to get a new set. Metal pans must be kashered by libun gamur, which means heating the pan over an open flame (such as a blowtorch) until it is red hot. This treatment can damage many pans, especially those made from aluminium. If you have heavier pans, they may survive red-hot temperatures, but most people choose to buy new pans. You will also need to scrub off any baked-on residue. As with other items to be kashered, clean the pans and let them rest, unused, for 24 hours. According to some more lenient rulings, you can kasher metal baking pans by placing them in the oven, set to the highest setting, for one hour, or letting them stay in the oven during the self-cleaning process. Glass baking pans just need to be washed, according to Conservative halakhah (Jewish law). According to Orthodox rules, they cannot be kashered and must be replaced.
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Metal baking pans: heat over an open flame until red hot
To kasher a metal baking pan, you will need to use the process of libun gamur, which involves heating the pan over an open flame until it is red hot. This is typically achieved by using a blowtorch, although other open flames can be used. This method of kashering is not suitable for pans made from aluminium, as the extreme heat will damage them. Heavier pans may survive the process, but many people opt to buy new baking pans instead.
Before applying heat, it is important to clean the pan thoroughly and allow it to rest for 24 hours without use. This waiting period is an essential step in the kashering process. Some more flexible rulings suggest that you can kasher metal baking pans by placing them in an oven set to the highest temperature for one hour or leaving them in the oven during the self-cleaning cycle. However, according to Orthodox rulings, glass baking pans cannot be kashered and must be replaced.
It is crucial to exercise extreme caution when performing this method of kashering to avoid any accidents or injuries. Libun gamur requires heating the pan to approximately 850°F (454°C). Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the pan can withstand such extreme temperatures without sustaining damage. Always follow the manufacturer's guidelines, safety precautions, and recommendations when working with high heat.
Libun gamur is one of the three basic levels of kashering for frying pans, the other two being libun kal and hagalah. Libun kal involves heating the pan to around 450°F (232°C), which is hot enough to cause a combustible material, such as paper or newspaper, to singe when it touches the pan. Hagalah, on the other hand, is a process of dipping the pan into a pot of boiling water. It is important to note that hagalah is not suitable for frying pans that have been used with oil, according to Orthodox rulings.
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Boiling water: submerge the pan in a pot of boiling water
Boiling water, or Hag’alah, is a common method of kashering. It is important to note that this method is not suitable for frying pans. For pots and pans that are not used for frying, the first step is to clean the pan thoroughly and then wait 24 hours before proceeding.
If the pan is small enough, it can be fully submerged in a pot of boiling water. However, if the pan is too big, you will need to submerge it in parts. Use tongs to hold one side of the pan and submerge it for about 30 seconds, then turn the pan and submerge the other side. Repeat this process until the entire pan has been submerged.
If the pan is too big to fit into any pot, you can fill the pan to the lip with water and bring it to a boil. Heat a large stone or brick over another burner, then use the tongs to drop it into the boiling water in the pan. This will cause the water to rise and spill over the sides, covering the outside of the pan with boiling water.
It is important to exercise caution during this process to avoid burns from the hot water or steam.
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Ovens: heat to a high temperature, clean, then kasher a metal pan inside
Ovens can be kashered using a specialised form of kashering known as libun kal. To do this, you must first clean your oven thoroughly. Then, heat the oven to an extremely high temperature for 30-60 minutes. Once the oven has cooled, clean out any ash that remains.
Metal pans can be kashered in a similar way. First, clean the pan and let it rest, unused, for 24 hours. Then, place the pan in the oven, set to the highest temperature, for one hour. Alternatively, you can place the pan in the oven during the self-cleaning process.
If you are kashering a frying pan, you can also use the libun kal method. Heat the pan on a burner set to high heat. When a piece of paper touching the pan begins to singe, it is kashered.
It is important to note that there are some pans that cannot be kashered. According to Orthodox rulings, pans coated in Teflon cannot be kashered. However, Conservative rulings state that they can. If the surface of the pan is scratched, it should be replaced.
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Stovetops: use libun kal, a specialised form of kashering
Stovetops can be kashered using libun kal, a specialised form of kashering. Libun kal is a "light white-hot" process that involves heating the stovetop to a high temperature. To perform libun kal, you must first clean the stovetop thoroughly and let it rest for 24 hours without use. Then, turn on the burners and set them to high heat. You can test if the stovetop is hot enough by touching a piece of paper or newspaper to the surface; if the paper singes, the stovetop is hot enough to be considered kosher.
It's important to note that not all stovetops can be kashered using libun kal. If your stovetop has areas that are difficult to access or clean, those areas need to be disassembled and cleaned before kashering. Additionally, if your stovetop is made of glass or ceramic, you should not use libun kal as it may damage the surface. In these cases, it is recommended to consult with a rabbi or another expert in kashering for guidance.
Libun kal is a versatile method that can also be used to kasher other kitchen items, such as frying pans. Frying pans that have been used with oil should be heated over a burner on high heat until a piece of paper touching the pan gets singed. This process purifies the pan and makes it suitable for kosher use again. However, it's important to note that pans coated with Teflon cannot be kashered according to Orthodox rulings, and they must be replaced.
For metal baking pans, a more intense form of kashering called libun gamur is typically required. Libun gamur involves heating the pan to extremely high temperatures, such as over an open flame, until it turns red hot. This method can damage many pans, especially those made from aluminium. As such, it is often more practical to purchase new baking pans rather than attempting to kasher them. However, according to some lenient rulings, metal baking pans can be kashered by placing them in an oven set at the highest temperature for one hour or during the self-cleaning cycle.
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