Marianne Martinez
Kerdi shower kits are a popular choice for those looking to renovate their bathrooms. However, one of the most important steps in the installation process is ensuring that the subfloor is level. While some recommend using a self-leveller, others suggest applying more thinset to the lowest spots. For those working with a concrete subfloor, a bonded mortar bed is necessary to build up the bathroom floor. On the other hand, a wood subfloor can be built up by installing a plywood/OSB panel on top, along with a Schluter®-Systems uncoupling membrane.
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What You'll Learn
Use self-levelling compound
If you're looking to level a floor for a Kerdi shower pan, self-levelling compound can be a great option. Here's a step-by-step guide on using self-levelling compound to achieve a level surface for your Kerdi pan installation:
Prepare the Surface:
Start by ensuring that your subfloor is clean and free of any debris or residue. If there are any high spots or significant discrepancies in the levelling, you may need to grind or sand them down to create a more even surface for the compound to be applied to.
Choose the Right Compound:
Select a self-levelling compound suitable for your project. Some recommended options include TEC TA323 self-leveler, LevelQuick RS, or products from Mapei, such as their self-levelling compound or primer.
Mix and Apply the Compound:
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for mixing the self-levelling compound. Once it's ready, carefully pour the compound onto the subfloor, starting in one corner and working your way across the surface. Use the appropriate tools, such as a trowel or a gauge rake, to spread the compound evenly and help it self-level. Ensure all holes and gaps are filled, as the compound will seek its own level and run through small openings.
Allow Curing and Drying:
After application, give the self-levelling compound adequate time to cure and dry thoroughly. This process usually takes at least 24 hours, but always refer to the manufacturer's instructions for the recommended curing time for the product you've chosen.
Prime the Surface:
Once the compound has cured, it's essential to prime the surface before installing the Kerdi shower pan. Apply a suitable primer, such as Mapei primer, following the manufacturer's directions. This step is crucial to ensure a proper bond when you install the shower pan.
Install the Kerdi Pan:
Finally, with your level surface prepared, proceed to install the Kerdi shower pan following the manufacturer's instructions. Ensure you follow the recommended guidelines for the best results and a long-lasting installation.
Remember, it's always a good idea to practice and gain familiarity with the products and processes before starting your project. Taking your time and following the manufacturer's instructions will help ensure a successful and level installation of your Kerdi shower pan.
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Apply a primer
Before you begin, ensure that you have the right primer for the self-levelling compound you are using. For instance, Mapei primer is used with Mapei self-levelling compound.
The primer is applied to the subfloor before the self-levelling compound. Check the manufacturer's instructions for the correct method of application. The primer will need time to dry, so factor this into your project timeline.
When applying the primer, ensure the area is well-ventilated. Open any windows and doors in the room and wear protective clothing, including gloves and a face mask.
Use a paint roller or brush to apply the primer. Start in one corner of the room and work your way out. Apply the primer in thin, even coats. Make sure the subfloor is completely covered, paying particular attention to the edges and corners.
Allow the primer to dry completely before proceeding with the self-levelling compound. This will ensure a strong bond between the self-levelling compound and the subfloor.
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Use a mud bed
Using a mud bed is a great way to level a floor for a Kerdi pan. Also known as "dry pack mortar", deck mud contains three ingredients: regular Portland cement, sand, and water. You can make a test batch with just sand and water to practice making a mud bed.
A couple of companies make a mix specifically for shower floors and mud beds, so you can also use one of these proprietary mixes and follow the mixing instructions on the bag. Start with the minimum amount of water suggested and adjust from there. It will take about 24 hours to set, and when it does, the mud bed will be a perfectly suitable substrate for your tile installation.
Mud beds for full floor tiles are different from mud beds for shower floors. If you are making a mud bed for a shower floor, it must be at least 1" thick, and it's better if it's not bonded to the concrete so that the concrete can move and crack without affecting the tile.
If you are making a mud bed for a Kerdi drain, you can use the following method: rip the 1 1/2" edge off a 2x4, about 3/16" thick. After the drain is set, use a level and tape measure to set your perimeter screed point at 3/8" per running foot, then set those strips of wood at that height, level around the perimeter, and attach them to the studs with trim nails.
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Seal with KERDI-BAND
KERDI-BAND is a waterproofing strip used to seal abutting joints of membranes and building panels. It is ideal for sealing butt joints and floor/wall connections with KERDI, DITRA membranes, and KERDI-BOARD building panels.
To seal with KERDI-BAND, first, ensure that you have thoroughly read all the instructions, especially if you are a first-time user. Schluter also has helpful YouTube videos relating to all their products, including KERDI-BAND.
Before applying KERDI-BAND, leave a 1/4″ (6 mm) gap between the solid backing and the tub deck. Protect the tub deck with painter's tape. Then, fill the gap between the solid backing and the tub with Schluter®-KERDI-FIX or another suitable sealant. Apply Schluter SET™, ALL-SET™, FAST-SET™, or unmodified thin-set mortar that meets the ANSI A118.1 Standard to the solid backing using a ¼" x 3/16" (6 mm x 5 mm) V-notched trowel or the Schluter®-KERDI-TROWEL.
Next, apply the KERDI-BAND waterproofing strips or 5" (125 mm)-wide cut sections of the KERDI waterproofing membrane. Embed the membrane in the mortar and KERDI-FIX to ensure full coverage and remove any air pockets. Finally, apply KERDI-FIX or another suitable sealant to the lip of the tub and spread it using a small notched trowel.
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Use a bonded mortar bed
When it comes to levelling a floor for a Kerdi shower pan, one recommended approach is to use a bonded mortar bed. This method is suitable for both concrete and wood subfloors, although the process varies slightly between the two.
If you have a concrete subfloor, you must use a bonded mortar bed of appropriate thickness to build up the bathroom floor. This method ensures a level surface for your Kerdi shower pan installation.
For a wood subfloor, the process is slightly different. You can build up the subfloor by installing either a 5/8" or 3/4" plywood or oriented standard board (OSB) panel on top of the existing wood subfloor. Along with the panel, you must also install an uncoupling membrane, such as Schluter's DITRA or another compatible product. This membrane serves multiple functions, including acting as a waterproofing layer and providing support for the tile covering.
When using a mortar bed, it is essential to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Some products may require a primer to be applied before the mortar bed installation. Additionally, proper slope and drainage must be considered. For example, the top of the bench should be pitched towards the shower for effective drainage.
It is worth noting that Kerdi shower trays are prefabricated with a slope, eliminating the need for a mortar bed. This simplifies the installation process and reduces weight. However, if you choose to use a mortar bed, ensure you follow the necessary guidelines for a successful installation.
If you are unsure or uncomfortable with using a mortar bed, it is always recommended to consult a professional contractor who can guide you through the process or provide alternative solutions.
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Frequently asked questions
You can use a self-levelling compound, such as TEC TA323 self-leveller, or SLC (self-levelling cement) to level the floor.
If using SLC, you should put down a primer first. You can then pour out the SLC and wait for it to set before installing the shower pan.
You should plug all small holes to avoid the compound passing through. You can also tape the floor-wall joints with something like Tyvek tape to ensure it is watertight.
You can use a mud bed to level the floor. You can practice making a mud bed in a test box before using it on your floor.
You can use a KERDI-SHOWER-T/-TS/-TT prefabricated sloped shower tray, which can be cut to size with a utility knife and extended with dry-pack mortar.
