Tiffany Haney
Panning is a key process in mixing music, allowing you to move instruments to the left or right of the mix, preventing similar sounds from clashing. In Cubase, the default pan control is the Stereo Balance Panner, which lets you pan a sound from left to right in the stereo field. This can be done by simply moving a slider. However, Cubase also provides two other types of pan control for each channel: the Stereo Dual Panner and the Stereo Combined Panner. The former splits the track into two channels, each with its own pan control, while the latter links the two channels after applying the Dual Panner effect.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Panning tracks | Move instruments to the left or right of the mix |
| Purpose | Prevent similar sounds from clashing with one another |
| Panning modes | Stereo Balance Panner, Stereo Dual Panner, Stereo Combined Panner |
| Stereo Balance Panner | Default panning mode |
| Stereo Dual Panner | Splits the track into two channels and applies a pan control to each channel |
| Stereo Combined Panner | Applies the Dual Panner effect, then links the two channels |
| Fine adjustments | Hold down Shift when moving the pan control |
| Default centre pan position | Hold down Ctrl/Cmd and click the pan control |
| Resetting a control to its default value | Ctrl/Apple-click |
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What You'll Learn
The Stereo Balance Panner
To use the Stereo Balance Panner in Cubase, first, launch the software by double-clicking the desktop icon. Then, click "File," then "Open," and double-click on the project you want to work on. Press "F3" to switch to the Mixer window.
Each track's pan control is located directly above its volume slider. To adjust the panning, simply click on the pan control for the track you want to adjust and drag it to the left or right. You can make fine-tuned adjustments by holding down the "Shift" key while moving the pan control.
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Stereo Dual Panner
The Cubase Balanced Panner and the Cubase Combined Panner are two types of panners available in Cubase. The balanced panner allows you to control the balance between the left and right channels, also known as spot panning. This lets you pan a sound anywhere in the stereo field. The combined panner, on the other hand, links the left and right pan controls, keeping their relative distance when you move them. This panner is available for channels with a stereo input and output configuration.
To activate the combined panner, open the context menu for a pan control and select Stereo Combined Panner. To set the pan independently for the left and right channels, hold down Alt and drag left or right. To reverse the left and right channels, simply pan the left channel to the right and the right channel to the left. The area between the pan controls will change colour to indicate that the channels have been reversed. To sum two channels, set them to the same pan position (mono), which will increase the volume of the signal.
To specify the default stereo panner mode for new audio tracks, go to File > Preferences > VST. Additionally, in the track list, you can click Edit Channel Settings to open the Channel Settings window. On the Sends tab, click Panning. A pan fader will be displayed for each send. Depending on the routing, different pan controls are available for the sends. You can also open the Functions Menu and activate Link Panners, which will make the stereo imaging as clear and true as possible.
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Stereo Combined Panner
Panning is the process by which mono and stereo sounds are positioned within a stereo soundstage. In Cubase, the pan control allows you to position a channel in the stereo spectrum. The Stereo Combined Panner is a feature in Cubase that allows you to move a range of frequencies in the stereo field by linking the left and right pan controls. This means that if you move the controls, the relative distance between the left and right channels is maintained.
The Stereo Combined Panner is useful for making fine adjustments to the stereo image. By moving the pan control, you can make precise changes to the positioning of the sound within the stereo spectrum. This can be useful for creating a clear and true stereo image, where the sound is positioned exactly where you want it to be.
To use the Stereo Combined Panner in Cubase, you can follow these steps:
- Open the Channel Settings window by clicking "Edit Channel Settings" in the track list.
- Go to the "Sends" tab and click on "Panning".
- You will see a pan fader for each send.
- Click and drag the pan control for the send to make adjustments.
- To link the left and right pan controls, open the Functions Menu and activate "Link Panners". This will ensure that the relative distance between the left and right channels is maintained when you make adjustments.
By following these steps, you can use the Stereo Combined Panner in Cubase to create a clear and accurate stereo image, with precise control over the positioning of your sounds in the stereo spectrum.
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Using the Sends tab
To pan tracks in Cubase using the Sends tab, first, ensure you have the correct version of Cubase, such as Cubase Artist 9 or Cubase Pro.
Open the Channel Settings window by clicking "Edit Channel Settings" in the track list. This is where you'll find various options to customise your audio channels. Once the Channel Settings window is open, navigate to the "Sends" tab. Here, you'll find all the settings related to sending audio signals to different destinations, such as effect buses or other tracks.
On the Sends tab, click "Panning". For each send, a pan fader will be shown. The pan range in Cubase goes from "all to the left" at 100L, decreasing to 0, which is the centre position, and then increasing to 100R for "all to the right". This differs from other DAWs, which typically have a range from 0 to 128 (with 64 as the centre) or from -64 to +64 (with 0 as the centre). Understanding this panning range is crucial for effectively resetting the pan control to the centre.
To reset the pan control to the centre, right-click on the track and select "Edit Channel Settings." This will open the Channel Settings window. Click on the "Sends" tab, then click on "Panning." Locate the pan fader for that specific track and reset it to the centre position by Ctrl/Cmd-clicking on the pan control. This will automatically move the pan fader to the centre, ensuring the audio is evenly distributed between the left and right channels.
You can also click and drag the pan control to fine-tune the panning for each send, allowing you to make precise adjustments to the stereo field and create the desired balance between the left and right channels.
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Using the Mixer window
Panning tracks in Cubase allows you to adjust the stereo balance of your audio. You can do this through the Mixer window, which offers a range of controls to manipulate your audio.
To begin panning tracks in Cubase, open the Mixer window. Here, you will see the level meters for each channel, indicating the current signal level. Right-clicking on an empty part of the Mixer window allows you to access the VU-Meter Hold feature, which displays the signal peaks. This is particularly useful for MIDI channels, where the level meters are based on note velocity.
The Mixer window also provides the Mute and Solo buttons for each channel. Clicking on the Mute button will temporarily remove a channel's output from the mix, while the Solo button isolates a specific channel, allowing you to hear only its output. These buttons are easily accessible and can be toggled with a simple click or by pressing 'M' for Mute and 'S' for Solo.
Additionally, the Slider Mode option in the User Interface Control Panel offers three settings: Touch, Ramp, and Jump. Touch requires you to drag the fader to adjust it, while clicking along its path will not work. Ramp lets you drag the fader normally, but it smoothly slides to the new position while you hold the mouse button. The Jump setting allows you to make the fader jump to a new position instantly when clicking along the fader's path.
Cubase also offers the Pan Law Mode setting in the Project Setup window (accessible by pressing Shift+S). This setting allows you to adjust the attenuation level, with options like 0dB (no attenuation in the centre), -6dB (more natural stereo sound), and -3dB (a compromise between the two). These settings can enhance your audio mix, ensuring that centrally panned sounds, such as bass and bass drums, are not unnaturally accentuated.
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Frequently asked questions
Panning is used to move instruments to the left or right of the mix, preventing similar sounds from clashing with one another.
Double-click the Cubase desktop icon to launch it. Click "File", then "Open". Double-click on the project you want to work on. Press "F3" to switch to the Mixer window. Click on the pan control for the track you want to adjust and drag the pan control left or right.
Hold down "Shift" and move the pan control.
The default panning mode is "Stereo Balance Panner". "Stereo Dual Panner" splits the track into two channels and applies a pan control to each. "Stereo Combined Panner" applies the Dual Panner effect and links the two channels.
