Tillie Doyle
To set the pan in Reaper, a digital audio workstation, you can adjust the pan law in the project settings. By doing this, you can control the volume of your tracks when panning them to one side or the other. Additionally, you can use the envelope button on your track to access the pan box and create a new automation lane for custom pan shifting. Alternatively, simply clicking on the track and pressing P will bring up the pan envelope, allowing you to insert points and change the pan pot.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Shortcut to pan tracks | Shift + Click |
| Shortcut to bring up the pan envelope | P |
| Pan modes | Stereo balance/ mono pan (default) |
| Pan laws | -3db, -36 |
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What You'll Learn
How to pan mix in Reaper
Panning in Reaper allows you to adjust the position of a sound in the stereo image, moving it from one side to the other. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to pan mix in Reaper:
Enabling Panning
Firstly, ensure that your tracks are mono rather than dual mono or stereo. Hard panning a dual mono track will not achieve a true mono sound. To enable panning, click on the envelope button on your track and check the pan box. Alternatively, simply click on the track and press 'P' to bring up the pan envelope.
Setting Pan Points
Once the pan envelope is visible, you can insert points and adjust the pan pot to customise the panning. Use shift-click to insert points or draw your own custom pan shifts. This allows you to automate the panning process and move the sound from left to right.
Transient Auto-Pan
Reaper also offers a Transient-detecting Auto-Pan feature. This allows you to bounce a sound from one speaker to the other, such as playing a staccato instrument with each note fully in one speaker. However, this feature may require some adjustments to achieve the desired effect.
Alternative Methods
If you are unable to achieve the desired panning effect with Reaper's built-in tools, there are alternative methods. One method is to duplicate the track, pan one track left and the other right, then delete every other note in each track so they alternate. Another method is to create two identical tracks, pan them accordingly, and play every other note in each track.
Pan Laws
It is important to note that Reaper's default pan law can affect the volume of your tracks. The pan law determines how panning impacts volume. By adjusting the pan law, you can compensate for any volume changes caused by panning.
In conclusion, Reaper provides various tools and methods for panning your tracks. By utilising these features and understanding pan laws, you can achieve the desired stereo image for your mix.
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Using the pan modes
Panning in Reaper allows you to shift a track from one side of the stereo image to the other. To pan a track, click on the envelope button on your chosen track and check the pan box. This will create a new automation lane in the media bay. You can then use shift-click to insert points or draw your own custom pan shifts. Alternatively, simply clicking on the track and pressing 'P' will bring up the pan envelope, allowing you to insert points and change the pan pot.
The pan law in Reaper is a setting that determines how the volume of a track is affected when it is panned. For example, if your pan law is set to -3 dB and you have a track playing constant noise at -12 dB, the track will play at -15 dB when centred and -12 dB when panned completely to one side. You can choose to invert this behaviour, boosting panned signals rather than attenuating centred ones. Ultimately, the choice of pan law does not significantly impact your control over the mix, as you can always adjust the track's volume to compensate.
When exporting stems as mono files and then re-panning them in a new DAW with a different pan law, the pan law setting becomes relevant. In this case, a major drop in volume may occur when panning stuff right and left if the pan law is not adjusted accordingly. To address this issue, go into project settings, adjust the pan law, select the "linear scale above -3db pan law" box, and ensure the "pan mode" is set to "stereo balance/ mono pan (default)".
By utilising these pan modes and settings in Reaper, you can effectively manage the panning and volume of your tracks, ensuring a balanced and controlled mix.
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Understanding pan laws
"Pan laws" in Reaper refer to the way the software adjusts the strength of each track as it gets panned. When you pan a track across, the apparent level changes—it gets louder when centred and quieter on the sides. This means that when you automate something to pan across, it also gets quieter and louder as it goes.
Reaper's default pan law is set at 0dB, which means no compensation. This is a problem because there is no standard for which pan law to use. Some use -3, some -6, and others fall somewhere in between.
You can change the pan law settings to compensate for this gain reduction. For example, reducing the centre by -3.0 dB strikes a good balance between even volume across the stereo field and compensating for the volume drop when listening in mono. However, -6.0 dB means hard-panned instruments are too hot, although it completely removes the volume difference when listening in mono.
In a more practical sense, you might not care as much about the pan law because you will probably adjust the volume fader manually after making a change on the panorama or FX.
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Shortcut to pan tracks symmetrically
Panning a track in Reaper allows you to shift it from one side of the stereo image to the other. To do this, click on the track and press 'P' to bring up the pan envelope. From here, you can insert points and change the pan pot.
To pan tracks symmetrically, a shortcut that works for any number of tracks is to right-click on the pan knob and choose "Dual Pan" from the drop-down menu. This allows you to pan the left and right audio tracks individually, rather than just changing the balance between the two.
However, it is important to note that dual panning will not create a stereo effect unless there is a slight variation between the tracks, such as a detune, slight delay, or other differences. To achieve a stereo effect with an instrument, for example, you can record the same part twice on separate tracks and play one on the left and one on the right.
Additionally, you can experiment with different \"pan laws,\" which are settings that determine how much gain is applied or subtracted when you pan a track in a certain direction.
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How to pan multiple tracks
Panning multiple tracks in Reaper is a straightforward process. Firstly, click on the envelope button on the track, and ensure the pan box is checked. This will bring up a new automation lane in the media bay. From here, you can use shift-click to insert points, or you can draw your own custom pan shifting. Alternatively, a quicker method is to simply click on the track and hit 'P' as the default shortcut, which will bring up the pan envelope. You can then insert points and adjust the pan pot.
If you want to pan tracks symmetrically, there is a shortcut that works for any number of tracks. This is useful if you want a track to jump from one side of the stereo image to the other and back.
It is also worth noting that you can adjust the pan laws in Reaper to control how panning affects the volume of your tracks. For example, you can set your pan law to -3 dB, which will lower the volume of a track in the middle to -15 dB, but when it is panned to one side, it will play at -12 dB. You can also invert this behaviour to boost panned signals rather than attenuating centred signals.
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Frequently asked questions
Click the envelope button on your track and check the pan box. A new automation lane will appear in the media bay.
Yes, use Shift+click to insert points or draw your own custom pan shifting. Alternatively, click on the track and hit 'P' to bring up the pan envelope.
Pan laws refer to the drop in volume when panning a track to one side. For example, if your track is playing at -12 dB and your pan law is set to -3, the volume will drop to -15 dB when the track is in the middle.
Go to project settings and adjust the pan law from there.
Yes, there is a shortcut that allows you to pan tracks symmetrically. This works for any number of tracks.
