Marianne Martinez
Panning audio is a great way to create dynamics and spatialize your tracks. Logic Pro offers a variety of tools for repositioning audio sources in stereo outputs. This can be done using the pan/balance knob, which can be set to Balance or Stereo Pan. The Balance option adjusts the levels of the left and right channels, while Stereo Pan allows you to pan both signals to the left or right. Additionally, Logic Pro's Binaural Panning tool allows you to reposition the audio source in a three-dimensional space, giving you greater control over the distance and elevation of your sound.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Software | Logic Pro |
| Track type | Mono or stereo |
| Panning type | Balance, Stereo Pan, Binaural Pan |
| Panning function | Control-click on the pan/balance knob in the inspector menu or the mixer window |
| Binaural Panning function | Control-click on the pan/balance knob, double-click on the knob to open the tool’s interface |
| Binaural Panning adjustments | Sound source distance, elevation level, general space size |
| Stereo Panning adjustments | Width of Stereo tracks using the Stereo Spread knob |
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What You'll Learn
Control-click the pan/balance knob to select Binaural Panning
Panning audio is an excellent way to spatialize your tracks and create dynamics. Logic Pro gives you multiple tools for repositioning the source of your audio for stereo outputs.
When dealing with stereo tracks, Logic gives you two options to pan audio on the horizontal axis. Either from the inspector menu or the mixer, control-click on your stereo track’s pan/balance knob. Logic sets your panning knob to “Balance” by default, but you can change it to “Stereo Pan.” There’s also a “Binaural Panner” feature. When a stereo track’s pan knob is set to Balance, and you pan it to the left, Logic reduces the volume coming from the right channel. In some cases, this can be undesirable since the two signals have different sonic information. So, if you hard-pan a stereo channel to one side, you’ll lose all the information from the other side. On the other hand, if you use Stereo Pan, you’re essentially summing both signals to the left or right.
Control-click the pan/balance knob from the inspector menu or the mixer window and select Binaural Panning. Binaural audio is intended to capture the audio cues that we use to locate sound sources in the three-dimensional space around us, so that a pair of conventional headphones provides a more immersive listening experience. In Spherical mode, sources can be panned three-dimensionally, but at a constant user-selected distance.
Double-click on the knob to open the tool’s interface. You will see a circular map, with the presumption that the listener is at the center of the circle looking up. Not only can you move your signals to the right or left, but you can also adjust the distance of your sound source from the listener by moving it closer or further away from the center of the circle. You can expand or shrink the size of your general space by moving the Size fader from the bottom of the Binaural Panning window.
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Adjust the distance of your sound source from the listener
Panning audio in Logic Pro allows you to position audio tracks in a virtual space, giving the listener the impression of audio coming from different directions. This effect is particularly noticeable when using stereo headphones.
Logic Pro comes with Dolby Atmos and Spatial Audio mixing abilities, allowing you to create a three-dimensional immersive experience for your listeners. To create a spatial audio session in Logic Pro, you need to install version 10.7.3 or higher and use macOS Monterey 12.3 or later.
To adjust the distance of your sound source from the listener, you can use Logic's Binaural Panning tool. This tool allows you to reposition the source of your signal in a three-dimensional space. To access the Binaural Panning tool, control-click the pan/balance knob from the inspector menu or the mixer window and select Binaural Panning. You can then double-click on the knob to open the tool's interface.
The Binaural Panning interface includes a circular map, with the presumption that the listener is at the centre of the circle. You can adjust the distance of your sound source from the listener by moving it closer or further away from the centre of the circle. As you move the sound source closer to the centre (representing the listener's ears), the sound will get louder, so you may need to compensate for this using level automation.
In addition to the Binaural Panning tool, Logic Pro also offers the Surround Panner and 3D Object Panner. The Surround Panner allows you to reposition the source of your track's signal in a planar space, while the 3D Object Panner allows you to move your sound source around the listener in a virtual room.
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Use the Direction Mixer plugin
The Direction Mixer is a plugin in Logic Pro that can be used to pan from left to right. It can be used to reposition stereo audio and decode M/S recordings.
To add the Direction Mixer to your project, go to Imaging > Direction Mixer in a channel strip Audio Effect plugin menu. You can also access it from the Plug-ins area. Set the input signal type by using the input buttons. If the input signal is a standard left/right signal, use LR. If the signal is middle and side encoded, use MS.
The Direction knob sets the pan position for the middle of the recorded stereo signal. When the Direction is set to 0, the midpoint of the stereo base is perfectly centered within the mix. At 90°, the middle signal is panned hard left, and at -90°, it is panned hard right. Higher values move the center of the stereo base back toward the center of the mix, but this also swaps the stereo sides of the recording.
The Spread slider or knob determines the spread of the stereo base in LR input signals or sets the side signal level in MS input signals. A value of 1 is full width, and 0 is mono. Values greater than 1 widen the stereo image beyond the full range of the pan pot.
The Direction Mixer can also be used to decode M/S recordings. To do this, record the two M/S microphones onto a single stereo track, with the Mid microphone routed to the left channel and the Side microphone routed to the right. The Direction Mixer will then center the left Mid channel and split the right Side channel, routing one to a hard left pan and the other to a hard right pan with its phase inverted. These channels are then mixed with the Mid channel to produce a true stereo image.
The Direction Mixer provides more precise adjustment of the stereo field than the Pan control, which only adjusts the balance between the left and right channels.
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Use the Stereo Spread knob to adjust the width of Stereo tracks
Panning in stereo tracks in Logic Pro X is a little different from mono tracks. While the pan knob looks identical, stereo tracks are two signals, so you have a choice: do you want all of the left and right sides, a little less of either side, or just one side?
The Stereo Balance knob controls this. When you turn the knob all the way to the left, you’re muting the right side. To achieve true stereo panning, you can use the Direction Mixer plugin. The Direction knob gives you True Stereo Panning, meaning that when you turn the knob to the left, both left and right signals tilt to the left.
The Stereo Spread knob allows you to adjust the width of Stereo tracks. If you want the Stereo-ness of your track to be tighter, pull the Stereo Spread handles closer to each other. If you want the track to be wider, pull the handles further apart.
Stereo Spread extends the stereo base by distributing a selectable number of frequency bands from the middle frequency range to the left and right channels. This is done alternately—middle frequencies to the left channel, middle frequencies to the right channel, and so on. This increases the perception of stereo width without making the sound totally unnatural, especially when used on mono recordings.
To add Stereo Spread to your project, choose Imaging > Stereo Spread in a channel strip Audio Effect plug-in menu. The Upper/Lower Frequency slider and fields determine the highest and lowest frequencies that are redistributed in the stereo image. The Order knob and field determine the number of frequency bands that the signal is divided into. A value of 8 is usually sufficient, but you can use up to 12 bands.
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Change the binaural field from Planar to Spherical to adjust elevation
Panning audio is a great way to create dynamics and spatialization in your tracks. Logic Pro provides multiple tools for repositioning the source of your audio for stereo outputs.
The Binaural Panner feature in Logic Pro allows you to adjust the position of your track beyond simple left or right panning. To access the Binaural Panner, control-click on your stereo track's pan/balance knob and select Binaural Panning. This will open the Binaural Panner interface, which features a circular map with the listener at the centre.
The Binaural Panner consists of several parameters: Angle, Elevation, Distance, and Spread. These parameters automatically adjust when changes are made to the puck positions. The left and right panning pucks control the width of the stereo image, while the direction puck determines the forward and backward direction. The pucks also work on a second axis, allowing you to adjust the elevation of your audio source.
The Binaural Panner offers two modes: Planar and Spherical. When set to Planar, the panning results are shown on a flat circular plane. In this mode, you can use the Extended Parameters sliders to control the vertical offset and tilt of the plane. When set to Spherical, the results are placed on a virtual sphere, allowing you to change the elevation level of your audio source by moving the puck around. Imagine the sphere as a virtual head, with the sound in front of the listener when the direction puck is placed in the top half of the circular plane, and the sound passing over your head as the puck is moved towards the lower half.
By utilising the Binaural Panner's features, you can create immersive audio experiences that emulate human hearing, allowing your listeners to feel as if they are surrounded by the audio.
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Frequently asked questions
To pan from left to right in Logic, you can control-click the pan/balance knob from the inspector menu or the mixer window and select Binaural Panning. This will allow you to reposition the source of your signal in a three-dimensional space.
When a stereo track’s pan knob is set to Balance, panning it to the left will reduce the volume coming from the right channel. If you hard-pan a stereo channel to one side, you will lose all the information from the other side. When you use Stereo Pan, you are summing both signals to the left or right.
The Direction knob gives you True Stereo Panning. When you turn the knob to the left, both left and right signals tilt to the left. The Stereo Spread knob allows you to adjust the width of Stereo tracks.
